Nokea
A nurse is reading an abstract about a study related to Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever. The purpose is stated as follows: "To examine the generalizability of two randomized placebo-controlled clinical trials in patients with Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever to determine whether steroid therapy resulted in the positive outcomes." The nurse knows generalizability refers to the:
- A. conclusion that findings can be generalized from the sample to the entire population.
- B. fact that the group of steroids used are from the same organic compounds.
- C. possibility that the subjects were carefully selected and that outside influence is thus suspected.
- D. fact that the type of bacteria carried by ticks is universal.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Generalizability refers to the conclusion that findings from a sample can be applied to the entire population. In this case, the purpose of the study is to determine if the positive outcomes of steroid therapy in two randomized placebo-controlled trials for Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever can be generalized to a broader population of patients with the same condition. Choice B is incorrect because generalizability is not about the type of steroids used but about the applicability of study findings. Choice C is incorrect as it refers to selection bias, not generalizability. Choice D is incorrect as generalizability is about the application of findings, not the universality of bacteria types.
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A nurse on the unit is heard saying, "I am not going to document that I used four catheters to start that IV; it doesn't matter anyway." What action can help the staff nurse understand the financial budget goals of the unit?
- A. Have the nurse work in payroll for a week.
- B. Enroll the staff in continuing education units (CEU) for personal finance.
- C. Ask the nurse to represent the unit on the budget planning committee.
- D. Make the nurse responsible for monitoring all disposable equipment and supplies.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: Choice C is correct because asking the nurse to represent the unit on the budget planning committee will directly expose them to the financial budget goals. This involvement will provide insight into the importance of accurate documentation and resource utilization. It offers a practical understanding of how decisions impact the unit's financial health.
Summary:
A: Working in payroll does not directly connect the nurse to the unit's financial goals.
B: Personal finance CEUs are not specific to the unit's budget goals.
D: Monitoring supplies is important but does not provide a comprehensive understanding of the unit's financial budget goals.
The practice of nurses, nursing students, and faculty is affected by demographic changes due to:
- A. the growing percentage of adults ages 50 to 55 years.
- B. increasing numbers of obese children and adults.
- C. changes by which families are becoming more nuclear.
- D. social programs that are essentially eliminating poverty.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: increasing numbers of obese children and adults. This demographic change directly impacts the practice of nurses by requiring specialized care and interventions for obesity-related health issues. Nurses need to be equipped to address the unique needs of obese patients.
A is incorrect because the growing percentage of adults ages 50 to 55 years does not necessarily impact nursing practice significantly. C is incorrect as changes in family structure do not directly affect nursing care. D is incorrect because social programs alone cannot eliminate poverty entirely and poverty remains a significant factor affecting healthcare access and outcomes.
Nurses working on an orthopedic unit use personal digital assistants (PDAs) to review medications prior to administration to reduce potential drug interactions. Software is also installed that provides video clips of common procedures performed by nurses. Nurses on this unit are best demonstrating which QSEN competencies?
- A. Patient-centered care
- B. Informatics
- C. Teamwork
- D. Quality improvement
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Informatics. Nurses on the orthopedic unit are demonstrating informatics competency by using PDAs for medication review and accessing video clips for procedures. This showcases their ability to utilize technology to enhance patient care. Patient-centered care (A) focuses on individualized care, teamwork (C) emphasizes collaboration, and quality improvement (D) pertains to enhancing processes. The use of technology in this scenario aligns most closely with the informatics competency, making it the best choice.
Nurses in a nonprofit hospital have expressed an interest in forming a union to secure fair wages and ensure client safety. To form a core support group of nurses, the union organizer can conduct meetings to gather initial information:
- A. away from the worksite with a group of managers to learn both sides of the situation.
- B. at the worksite with staff nurses who are respected leaders.
- C. in homes or local businesses with staff nurses.
- D. after photographing management meeting to discuss their strategies to decrease interest in unionization.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because conducting meetings at the worksite with respected staff nurses allows for direct engagement with potential union supporters. This approach fosters a sense of unity and trust among the nurses, making it easier to form a core support group. Additionally, meeting at the worksite enables easy access for all nurses and ensures a safe and neutral environment for discussions.
Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because:
A: Meeting away from the worksite with managers may create a conflict of interest and could lead to a biased understanding of the situation.
C: Meeting in homes or local businesses may not provide a professional setting for discussions and may not be convenient for all nurses to attend.
D: Photographing management meetings and discussing their strategies is unethical and could potentially harm the relationship between nurses and management.
The nurse managers of an organization are meeting with administration to plan the budget. The above graph shows last year's 2011 expenditures, and the team will trend the upcoming budget knowing that, with the slowdown in the economy, patient census will be lower. Which budget approach is being used?
- A. Incremental
- B. Zero-based
- C. Productivity metrics
- D. Capital
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Zero-based. Zero-based budgeting requires starting from scratch each budget cycle, meaning all expenses must be justified regardless of previous budgets. In this scenario, the nurse managers are planning for a budget based on the expectation of lower patient census due to the economic slowdown. This aligns with the zero-based approach as they will need to re-evaluate and justify all expenses to accommodate the changes in patient volume.
A: Incremental budgeting involves making adjustments to the previous budget, which is not suitable for significant changes like a decrease in patient census.
C: Productivity metrics focus on measuring efficiency and performance, rather than the budgeting approach.
D: Capital budgeting is related to long-term investments in assets, which is not the primary focus in this scenario.