Why do older adult female clients need less iron than younger adult female clients?
- A. The need for iron decreases because older female clients produce more red blood cells.
- B. The need for iron decreases with age because older female clients carry oxygen more efficiently.
- C. The need for iron decreases with age because older female clients experience menopause.
- D. The need for iron decreases with age because older female clients exercise more.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Older adult female clients need less iron than younger adult female clients because as women go through menopause, they no longer lose blood through menstruation, leading to a reduced need for iron. Choice A is incorrect because producing more red blood cells does not directly correlate with needing less iron. Choice B is incorrect as carrying oxygen more efficiently does not necessarily decrease the need for iron. Choice D is incorrect as exercising more does not explain the decreased need for iron in older adult female clients.
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Diego is undergoing blood transfusion of the first unit. The earliest signs of transfusion reactions are:
- A. Oliguria and jaundice
- B. Urticaria and wheezing
- C. Headache, chills, & fever
- D. Hypertension and flushing
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Which of the following terms describes the amount of blood ejected per heartbeat?
- A. Stroke volume
- B. Cardiac output
- C. Ejection fraction
- D. Afterload
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Stroke volume. Stroke volume refers to the amount of blood ejected by the left ventricle in one contraction. Choice B, Cardiac output, is the total volume of blood pumped by the heart per minute and is calculated by multiplying stroke volume by heart rate. Choice C, Ejection fraction, is the percentage of blood pumped out of the left ventricle with each heartbeat. Choice D, Afterload, refers to the pressure or resistance that the ventricles must overcome to eject blood during systole. Therefore, in the context of the question, the term that specifically describes the amount of blood ejected per heartbeat is stroke volume.
What is the most likely complication for a client receiving TPN who suddenly develops tremors, dizziness, and diaphoresis?
- A. Fluid volume overload
- B. Sepsis
- C. Hyperglycemia
- D. Hypoglycemia
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, Hypoglycemia. When a client receiving TPN suddenly develops tremors, dizziness, and diaphoresis, it is indicative of hypoglycemia. TPN provides a high concentration of glucose, and if it is abruptly stopped or the infusion rate is reduced, it can lead to hypoglycemia. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they do not directly correlate with the symptoms described in the scenario. Fluid volume overload typically presents with edema and hypertension, sepsis with fever and increased heart rate, and hyperglycemia with polyuria, polydipsia, and blurred vision.
What is the process of formal negotiations of working conditions between a group of registered nurses and employer?
- A. grievance
- B. arbitration
- C. collective bargaining
- D. strike
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is 'collective bargaining.' Collective bargaining involves negotiations between a group of employees, in this case, registered nurses, and their employer to determine working conditions, wages, benefits, and other aspects of employment. Grievance refers to a formal complaint about a workplace issue, arbitration involves a neutral third party making a decision in a dispute, and a strike is a work stoppage by employees to protest against their employer.
Before and after the operation, the operating suite is managed by the:
- A. Surgeon C. Nurse Manager
- B. Nurse Supervisor D. Chief Nurse
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.