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A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for losartan. Which of the following statements should the nurse include?
- A. You should take this medication with a high-potassium meal.
- B. You might experience dizziness while taking this medication.
- C. You need to limit your exercise while taking this medication.
- D. You can take this medication at any time of day.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Losartan can cause dizziness due to blood pressure lowering, a key safety concern. Potassium meals, exercise limits, or flexible timing aren't primary considerations.
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A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving chemotherapy. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Encourage the client to eat raw fruits and vegetables.
- B. Monitor the client's white blood cell count.
- C. Administer an antipyretic every 4 hr.
- D. Instruct the client to avoid handwashing.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Monitoring WBC count detects neutropenia, critical for infection prevention. Raw produce risks infection, antipyretics aren't routine, and handwashing is essential.
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a female client who is taking phenytoin. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. You can safely take this medication if you become pregnant.
- B. You can skip a dose of this medication if you are nauseated.
- C. You should expect to have blood work every 6 months while taking this medication.
- D. You might experience swollen gums while taking this medication.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Phenytoin can cause gingival hyperplasia, leading to swollen gums, a common side effect clients should monitor. It's teratogenic, skipping doses risks seizures, and blood work frequency varies.
A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following a mastectomy. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to promote arm mobility?
- A. Encourage the client to perform deep breathing exercises.
- B. Instruct the client to avoid using the affected arm for 6 weeks.
- C. Teach the client to perform range-of-motion exercises daily.
- D. Apply a compression bandage to the affected arm.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Daily range-of-motion exercises prevent stiffness and promote mobility. Breathing exercises, arm avoidance, or compression don't target mobility.
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving IV fluids. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to prevent infection?
- A. Change the IV tubing every 24 hr.
- B. Clean the IV insertion site with alcohol before insertion.
- C. Monitor the IV site for redness or swelling.
- D. Use a new IV catheter for each attempt.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Monitoring for redness or swelling detects infection early. Tubing changes are every 72-96 hours, alcohol is standard, and new catheters are used per attempt.
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for metoprolol. Which of the following statements should the nurse include?
- A. You should take this medication with a high-fiber meal.
- B. You might experience fatigue while taking this medication.
- C. You need to avoid caffeine while taking this medication.
- D. You can stop taking this medication if your blood pressure is normal.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Metoprolol can cause fatigue, a common side effect to monitor. Fiber meals, caffeine avoidance, or stopping abruptly aren't recommended.