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A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for prednisone to treat rheumatoid arthritis. Which of the following statements should indicate to the nurse that the client understands the teaching?
- A. I should increase the sodium in my diet.
- B. I will report a sore throat to my provider.
- C. I will take this medication on an empty stomach.
- D. I should watch for weight loss.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: "I will report a sore throat to my provider." This is because prednisone can suppress the immune system, increasing the risk of infections like sore throat. Reporting any signs of infection promptly is crucial. Choice A is incorrect because prednisone can cause sodium retention, so increasing sodium intake is not recommended. Choice C is incorrect as prednisone is usually taken with food to minimize stomach irritation. Choice D is incorrect because weight gain is more common with prednisone due to fluid retention.
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A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a young adult client who has a new prescription for ear drops. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Chill the medication prior to instillation.
- B. Press a cotton ball firmly in ear canal after administering drops.
- C. Pull the pinna up and back to administer medication.
- D. Place an applicator into the ear canal to instill drops.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Pull the pinna up and back to administer medication. This instruction is correct because pulling the pinna up and back helps straighten the ear canal in adults, allowing the drops to be instilled properly. This technique ensures that the medication reaches the desired target area for optimal effectiveness.
Explanation of other choices:
A: Chilling the medication is not necessary and can cause discomfort to the client.
B: Pressing a cotton ball firmly in the ear canal can prevent the drops from reaching the ear canal.
D: Placing an applicator into the ear canal can cause injury or damage to the ear canal and eardrum.
A nurse is preparing to administer medication to a client who has a new prescription. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
- A. Identify the client using two means of identification.
- B. Document the time of the medication administration.
- C. Validate the prescription with the available medication.
- D. Calculate the correct amount of the medication.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Identifying the client using two means of identification is the first step to ensure the right patient receives the right medication. This process involves checking the client's name, date of birth, and/or unique identifier against the prescription and their identification band. Documenting the time of administration (B) is important but should come after verifying the patient's identity. Validating the prescription (C) and calculating the correct amount (D) are essential steps but should follow patient identification to prevent errors.
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a prescription for alendronate. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I will drink orange juice when I take this medication.
- B. I will remain seated for 30 minutes after I take my medication.
- C. I will take this medication right before I go to bed.
- D. I can take this medication just once a month.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: "I will take this medication right before I go to bed." Alendronate should be taken on an empty stomach, in the morning, at least 30 minutes before the first food, drink, or medication of the day. Taking it before bed ensures the client has an empty stomach. Choice A is incorrect because orange juice can interfere with alendronate absorption. Choice B is incorrect as sitting upright for 30 minutes after taking the medication is the recommended action. Choice D is incorrect as alendronate is typically taken weekly, not monthly.
A nurse is caring for a client who has cystic fibrosis. The client is taking pancrelipase and has a new onset of steatorrhea. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
- A. You are experiencing an adverse reaction to the medication.
- B. You need to increase the fat intake in your diet.
- C. You should chew the medication completely.
- D. You should take this medication with food.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Pancrelipase helps with digestion of fats. Taking it with food allows for proper mixing with food in the stomach, aiding in digestion. This is crucial for absorption of nutrients in cystic fibrosis. Other choices are incorrect because:
A: Steatorrhea is not an adverse reaction but a sign of inadequate fat digestion.
B: Increasing fat intake can worsen steatorrhea in cystic fibrosis.
C: Chewing the medication does not affect fat digestion.
In summary, taking pancrelipase with food optimizes its effectiveness in aiding fat digestion and absorption in cystic fibrosis.
A nurse is collecting data from a client who takes furosemide daily for heart failure. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse review before administering the medication?
- A. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate
- B. Thyroxine
- C. Serum potassium
- D. Serum aspartate aminotransferase
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Serum potassium. Furosemide is a loop diuretic that can cause potassium depletion, leading to hypokalemia. Monitoring serum potassium levels is crucial to prevent complications such as cardiac arrhythmias. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (A) is not relevant for assessing furosemide therapy. Thyroxine (B) is a thyroid hormone and not directly affected by furosemide. Serum aspartate aminotransferase (D) is a liver enzyme and not specifically impacted by furosemide administration.