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A nurse is reviewing the medication administration record of a client who has an NG tube. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer through the NG tube?
- A. Dipivefrin
- B. Salmeterol
- C. Lovastatin
- D. Nitroglycerin
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Lovastatin. Lovastatin is a medication that can be administered through an NG tube as it is available in a liquid form suitable for tube administration. Dipivefrin (A) and Salmeterol (B) are not suitable for NG tube administration as they are ophthalmic and inhalation medications, respectively. Nitroglycerin (D) is typically given sublingually or transdermally for rapid effect, not via NG tube.
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A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of schizophrenia. Which of the following medications should the nurse expect to administer?
- A. Levodopa
- B. Baclofen
- C. Fenofibrate
- D. Risperidone
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Risperidone. Risperidone is an antipsychotic medication commonly used to treat schizophrenia by helping to manage symptoms such as hallucinations and delusions. Levodopa (A) is used for Parkinson's disease, Baclofen (B) is a muscle relaxant, and Fenofibrate (C) is used to lower cholesterol. Administering any of these medications to a client with schizophrenia would not address their symptoms effectively.
A nurse is talking with a client who takes NSAIDs routinely to treat osteoarthritis and has a new prescription for misoprostol. The client asks the nurse why he needs the second medication. Which of the following is an appropriate response?
- A. Misoprostol will help prevent stomach ulcers, which can develop from taking NSAIDs for a long time.
- B. Misoprostol helps protect you against the effects long-term NSAID use can have on your kidney function.
- C. Misoprostol will boost the effectiveness of the NSAIDs, so you can get the same pain relief with lower dosages.
- D. Misoprostol is a very effective antacid that will help reduce the stomach irritation you can get from NSAIDs.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because misoprostol is often prescribed along with NSAIDs to help prevent stomach ulcers that can develop from long-term NSAID use. NSAIDs can irritate the stomach lining and increase the risk of ulcers. Misoprostol works by reducing the production of stomach acid and protecting the stomach lining. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because misoprostol is specifically used to protect the stomach from NSAID-related ulcers, not to protect kidney function, boost NSAID effectiveness, or act as an antacid.
A nurse is caring for a client who has cystic fibrosis. The client is taking pancrelipase and has a new onset of steatorrhea. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
- A. You are experiencing an adverse reaction to the medication.
- B. You need to increase the fat intake in your diet.
- C. You should chew the medication completely.
- D. You should take this medication with food.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Pancrelipase helps with digestion of fats. Taking it with food allows for proper mixing with food in the stomach, aiding in digestion. This is crucial for absorption of nutrients in cystic fibrosis. Other choices are incorrect because:
A: Steatorrhea is not an adverse reaction but a sign of inadequate fat digestion.
B: Increasing fat intake can worsen steatorrhea in cystic fibrosis.
C: Chewing the medication does not affect fat digestion.
In summary, taking pancrelipase with food optimizes its effectiveness in aiding fat digestion and absorption in cystic fibrosis.
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for prednisone to treat rheumatoid arthritis. Which of the following statements should indicate to the nurse that the client understands the teaching?
- A. I should increase the sodium in my diet.
- B. I will report a sore throat to my provider.
- C. I will take this medication on an empty stomach.
- D. I should watch for weight loss.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: "I will report a sore throat to my provider." This is because prednisone can suppress the immune system, increasing the risk of infections like sore throat. Reporting any signs of infection promptly is crucial. Choice A is incorrect because prednisone can cause sodium retention, so increasing sodium intake is not recommended. Choice C is incorrect as prednisone is usually taken with food to minimize stomach irritation. Choice D is incorrect because weight gain is more common with prednisone due to fluid retention.
A nurse is reviewing the allergies of a client who has rheumatoid arthritis prior to administering celecoxib to the client. The nurse should identify that which of the following allergies is a contraindication for receiving this medication?
- A. Sulfonamides
- B. Shellfish
- C. Fluoroquinolones
- D. Peanuts
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Sulfonamides. Celecoxib is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) and belongs to the class of sulfonamides. Patients allergic to sulfonamides are at risk of cross-reactivity with celecoxib, leading to severe allergic reactions. Shellfish (B), fluoroquinolones (C), and peanuts (D) are not related to the mechanism of action or composition of celecoxib, so they are not contraindications. It is important for the nurse to identify sulfonamide allergies to prevent adverse reactions in patients receiving celecoxib.