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A nurse is teaching a client about the use of a metered-dose inhaler (MDI). Which instruction should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. Inhale the medication deeply for 3-5 seconds
- B. Exhale forcefully before inhaling
- C. Shake the MDI vigorously before use
- D. Hold the mouthpiece 2.5-5 cm (1-2 in) in front of the mouth
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Inhaling the medication deeply for 3-5 seconds and holding the breath for 10 seconds after inhalation ensures effective medication delivery to the lungs.
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A nurse is preparing a client for transfer to another unit. Which finding does the nurse include in the transfer report?
- A. Response to pain medication
- B. Review of ongoing discharge plan
- C. Recent physical changes
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: All findings are important for ensuring continuity of care in the transfer report.
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has a prescription for home oxygen. Which information should the nurse teach?
- A. Use a humidifier with the oxygen
- B. Wear cotton socks when the oxygen is in use
- C. Avoid all types of smoking materials
- D. Use a nasal cannula during meals
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Wearing cotton socks helps prevent static electricity, which poses a fire risk when using oxygen.
A nurse in an acute care facility is caring for a client who is postop following abdominal surgery. Which of the following behaviors should the nurse identify as increasing the client's risk for constipation?
- A. Regular fluid intake
- B. Urge suppression
- C. Increased physical activity
- D. Adequate dietary fiber
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Urge suppression can lead to constipation, especially in postoperative patients.
A nurse is updating a plan of care after evaluating a client who has dysphagia. Which interventions should the nurse include in the plan?
- A. Have the client lie down after meals
- B. Encourage the client to speak while eating
- C. Have the client sit upright for 1 hour following meals
- D. Offer thin liquids with meals
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Having the client sit upright for 1 hour after meals facilitates swallowing and reduces the risk of aspiration.
A nurse is admitting a client who has meningococcal meningitis. What should the nurse do first?
- A. Initiate droplet precautions
- B. Start intravenous antibiotics
- C. Perform a complete assessment
- D. Notify the healthcare provider
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Initiating droplet precautions is crucial to prevent the spread of infection, especially in cases of meningococcal meningitis.