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A nurse is teaching a client who has Angina Pectoris and is learning how to treat acute Anginal attacks. The clients asks, What is my next step if I take one tablet, wait 5 minutes, but still have Anginal pain? Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
- A. Take two more sublingual tablets at the same time.
- B. Call the emergency response team.
- C. Take a sustained-release nitroglycerin capsule.
- D. Wait another 5 minutes then take a second sublingual tablet.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: If pain persists after one dose, call emergency services ; protocol is up to 3 doses 5 minutes apart.
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While studying for the test, the nursing student encounters the following drug: papaverine (Pavabid). What does the nursing student identify the name Pavabid as?
- A. The generic name
- B. The chemical name
- C. The brand name
- D. The chemical and generic name
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Several clues indicate the brand name including capitalization of the first letter in the name and in parentheses. Generic names are not capitalized; chemical names are descriptions of the chemistry of the medication resulting in complicated names.
When involved in phase III drug evaluation studies, what responsibilities would the nurse have?
- A. Working with animals who are given experimental drugs
- B. Choosing appropriate patients to be involved in the drug study
- C. Monitoring and observing patients closely for adverse effects
- D. Conducting research to determine effectiveness of the drug
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Phase III studies involve use of a drug in a vast clinical population in which patients are asked to record any symptoms they experience while taking the drugs. Nurses may be responsible for helping collect and analyze the information to be shared with the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) but would not conduct research independently because nurses do not prescribe medications. Use of animals in drug testing is done in the preclinical trials. Select patients who are involved in phase II studies to participate in studies where the participants have the disease the drug is intended to treat. These patients are monitored closely for drug action and adverse effects. Phase I studies involve healthy human volunteers who are usually paid for their participation. Nurses may observe for adverse effects and toxicity.
A nurse is assessing a patient on ceftriaxone. Which allergy should be of particular concern?
- A. Sulfa
- B. Penicillin
- C. Tetracycline
- D. Macrolide
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ceftriaxone, a cephalosporin, has a risk of cross-reactivity with penicillin allergies due to similar beta-lactam structures.
A nurse is assessing a male client who recently began taking Haloperidol. Which of the following findings is the highest priority to report to the provider?
- A. Shuffling gait
- B. Neck spasms
- C. Drowsiness
- D. Impotence
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Neck spasms indicate dystonia, an acute extrapyramidal symptom requiring immediate attention.
The nurse is caring for a patient who is chronically irritable and anxious and prone to violent behaviors. The patient has several teeth missing and has dental caries in the remaining teeth. The nurse suspects previous chronic use of which drug?
- A. Alcohol
- B. Cocaine
- C. LSD
- D. Methamphetamine
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Methamphetamine causes tooth decay ('meth mouth') and agitation; cocaine less so. Patients previously exposed to methamphetamine use will exhibit these symptoms, and the physical effects of extended methamphetamine use are notable tooth decay and dermatologic deterioration.