Nokea
Which person should be treated with prophylactic antitubercular medication?
- A. A child who attends the same school with a child who has tuberculosis
- B. A nurse who is working in a hospital
- C. An individual who is HIV-positive with a negative TB skin test
- D. A patient who has close contact with someone who has tuberculosis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Close contact with TB warrants prophylaxis; school , hospital work , or HIV without exposure don't. Personal contact with a person having a diagnosis of tuberculosis is required to indicate prophylactic treatment with antitubercular therapy.
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Insulin is used for:
- A. Treatment of diabetes mellitus type I only
- B. Treatment of diabetes mellitus type II only
- C. Treatment of diabetes mellitus type III and IV only
- D. Treatment of diabetes mellitus type I and II
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Insulin is used for both type 1 (insulin-dependent) and type 2 (when other treatments fail) diabetes.
The nurse is caring for a patient who is chronically irritable and anxious and prone to violent behaviors. The patient has several teeth missing and has dental caries in the remaining teeth. The nurse suspects previous chronic use of which drug?
- A. Alcohol
- B. Cocaine
- C. LSD
- D. Methamphetamine
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Methamphetamine causes tooth decay ('meth mouth') and agitation; cocaine less so. Patients previously exposed to methamphetamine use will exhibit these symptoms, and the physical effects of extended methamphetamine use are notable tooth decay and dermatologic deterioration.
A group of nursing students are reviewing the concept known as the five +1 rights of drug administration. The group demonstrates understanding of this concept when they identify which of the following as being included?
- A. Right documentation
- B. Right patient
- C. Right route
- D. All the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The five +1 rights of drug administration include the following: right patient, right drug, right dose, right route, right time, and right documentation.
Sarah developed a rash after using a topical medication. This is a type __ allergic drug reaction.
- A. I
- B. II
- C. III
- D. IV
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A rash from topical medication is a Type IV (delayed hypersensitivity) reaction , typically contact dermatitis, not immediate (I), cytotoxic (II), or immune complex (III).
Patients who are on or who will be starting chronic corticosteroid therapy need monitoring of:
- A. Serum glucose
- B. Stool culture
- C. Folate levels
- D. Vitamin B12
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Corticosteroids raise glucose, requiring monitoring; stool or vitamins aren't routine.