Nokea
A nurse is teaching the parents of a school-age child about transdermal Methylphenidate. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Apply one patch twice per day.
- B. Leave the patch on for 9 hr.
- C. Apply the patch to the child's waist.
- D. Use opened tray within 6 months.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Methylphenidate patches are worn for 9 hours to control ADHD symptoms during the day.
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Inhaled corticosteroids in Bronchial Asthma:
- A. Produce modest immediate bronchodilation
- B. Are synergistic with inhaled methacholine
- C. Are antagonized by atropine
- D. Inhibit IgE-antigen binding
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Inhaled corticosteroids reduce inflammation by inhibiting IgE-mediated responses.
The nurse is preparing to administer a medication from a multidose bottle. The label is torn and soiled but the name of the medication is still readable. What is the nurses priority action?
- A. Discard the entire bottle and contents and obtain a new bottle.
- B. Find the drug information and create a new label for the bottle.
- C. Ask another nurse to verify the contents of the bottle.
- D. Administer the medication if the name of the drug can be clearly read.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When the drug label is soiled obscuring some information the safest action by the nurse is to discard the bottle and contents because drug labels contain a great deal of important information, far more than just the name of the drug. Concentration of the drug, expiration date, administration directions, and precautions may be missing from the label and so put the patient at risk. Looking up drug information in a drug handbook or consulting with another nurse will not supply the expiration date or concentration of medication. Be safe and discard the bottle and its contents.
According to Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommendations, what is the role of the nurse in preparing for the possibility of bioterrorism?
- A. Post updated information on signs and symptoms of infections caused by biological agents
- B. Provide guidelines for treating patients exposed to, or potentially exposed to, biological agents
- C. Remain current on recognition and treatment of infections caused by biological weapons
- D. Advocate for increased funding for research involving bioterrorism and patient treatment
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Nurses need to remain current about recognition of and treatment for those exposed to biological weapons because nurses are often called upon to answer questions, reassure the public, offer educational programs, and serve on emergency preparedness committees. The CDC posts updated information on signs and symptoms of infections caused by biological agents that nurses would read. The CDC also provides guidelines for how to treat patients exposed to biological agents and the nurse must remain current on this information. Although nurses could advocate for funding, this is not usually the role of the nurse.
Patients with cystic fibrosis are often prescribed enzyme replacement for pancreatic secretions. Each replacement drug has lipase, protease, and amylase components, but the drug is prescribed in units of:
- A. Lipase
- B. Protease
- C. Amylase
- D. Pancreatin
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pancreatic enzymes are dosed by lipase units, targeting fat malabsorption in cystic fibrosis.
The probable cause of leucopenia and agranulocytosis:
- A. Diiodthironine
- B. Potassium iodide
- C. Mercazolil
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Mercazolil (methimazole) can cause agranulocytosis and leukopenia as serious side effects by affecting bone marrow function.