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When using the nursing process in medication therapy, what does it ensure?
- A. That medications are given at the right time
- B. That there is efficient and effective care
- C. That the right dose of the drug is given to the patient
- D. The right drug is given to the right patient at the right time
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nursing process ensures efficient and effective care by systematically addressing all aspects of medication therapy.
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A pharmacology student asks the instructor what an accurate description of a drug agonist is. What is the instructors best response?
- A. A drug that reacts with a receptor site on a cell preventing a reaction with another chemical on a different receptor site
- B. A drug that interferes with the enzyme systems that act as catalyst for different chemical reactions
- C. A drug that interacts directly with receptor sites to cause the same activity that a natural chemical would cause at that site
- D. A drug that reacts with receptor sites to block normal stimulation, producing no effect
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Agonists are drugs that produce effects similar to those produced by naturally occurring neurotransmitters, hormones, or other substances found in the body. Noncompetitive antagonists are drugs that react with some receptor sites preventing the reaction of another chemical with a different receptor site. Drug-enzyme interactions interfere with the enzyme systems that stimulate various chemical reactions.
The nurse is teaching a patient who will be discharged home with naltrexone (ReVia) after treatment for opioid addiction. What information will the nurse include in the teaching for this patient?
- A. This drug will help control cravings
- B. You may take this drug once weekly
- C. ReVia blocks the pleasurable effects of opioids
- D. If you discontinue this drug abruptly, you will have withdrawal symptoms
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Naltrexone blocks opioid euphoria; it doesn't reduce cravings or cause withdrawal on stop . ReVia acts by blocking the pleasurable effects of opioids.
The burn client is receiving treatments of topical mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon) to the site of injury. The nurse monitors the client, knowing that which of the following indicates that a systemic effect has occurred?
- A. Hyperventilation
- B. Elevated blood pressure
- C. Local pain at the burn site
- D. Local rash at the burn site
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Mafenide acetate is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor and can suppress renal excretion of acid, thereby causing acidosis. Clients receiving this treatment should be monitored for signs of an acid-base imbalance (hyperventilation). If this occurs, the medication should be discontinued for 1 to 2 days. Options 3 and 4 describe local rather than systemic effects. An elevated blood pressure may be expected from the pain that occurs with a burn injury.
Patients with cystic fibrosis are often prescribed enzyme replacement for pancreatic secretions. Each replacement drug has lipase, protease, and amylase components, but the drug is prescribed in units of:
- A. Lipase
- B. Protease
- C. Amylase
- D. Pancreatin
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pancreatic enzymes are dosed by lipase units, targeting fat malabsorption in cystic fibrosis.
Patient education regarding prescribed medication includes:
- A. Instructions written at the high school reading level
- B. Discussion of expected adverse drug reactions
- C. How to store leftover medication such as antibiotics
- D. Verbal instructions always in English
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Discussing adverse reactions is key to patient safety and adherence, unlike rigid reading levels , language limits , or leftover storage (C, less critical).