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The nurse explains that what drug resource book is compiled from package inserts?
- A. Nurse's Drug Guide
- B. Physicians Desk Reference (PDR)
- C. Drug Facts and Comparisons
- D. AMA Drug Evaluations
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The PDR is a compilation of information found on package inserts. The Nurse's Drug Guide uses more easily understood language and incorporates nursing considerations and patient teaching points. Drug Facts and Comparisons includes cost comparison, often not found in other drug resource guides. The AMA Drug Evaluations is far less biased than the PDR and includes drugs still in the research stage of development.
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Only free drugs can act on target sites and can be eliminated.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: True; only free (unbound) drugs can interact with target sites and be filtered/excreted, as bound drugs are pharmacologically inactive.
According to Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommendations, what is the role of the nurse in preparing for the possibility of bioterrorism?
- A. Post updated information on signs and symptoms of infections caused by biological agents
- B. Provide guidelines for treating patients exposed to, or potentially exposed to, biological agents
- C. Remain current on recognition and treatment of infections caused by biological weapons
- D. Advocate for increased funding for research involving bioterrorism and patient treatment
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Nurses need to remain current about recognition of and treatment for those exposed to biological weapons because nurses are often called upon to answer questions, reassure the public, offer educational programs, and serve on emergency preparedness committees. The CDC posts updated information on signs and symptoms of infections caused by biological agents that nurses would read. The CDC also provides guidelines for how to treat patients exposed to biological agents and the nurse must remain current on this information. Although nurses could advocate for funding, this is not usually the role of the nurse.
A pharmacology student asks the instructor what an accurate description of a drug agonist is. What is the instructors best response?
- A. A drug that reacts with a receptor site on a cell preventing a reaction with another chemical on a different receptor site
- B. A drug that interferes with the enzyme systems that act as catalyst for different chemical reactions
- C. A drug that interacts directly with receptor sites to cause the same activity that a natural chemical would cause at that site
- D. A drug that reacts with receptor sites to block normal stimulation, producing no effect
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Agonists are drugs that produce effects similar to those produced by naturally occurring neurotransmitters, hormones, or other substances found in the body. Noncompetitive antagonists are drugs that react with some receptor sites preventing the reaction of another chemical with a different receptor site. Drug-enzyme interactions interfere with the enzyme systems that stimulate various chemical reactions.
The trial period to determine effective anti-inflammatory activity when starting a patient on aspirin for rheumatoid arthritis is:
- A. 48 hours
- B. 4 to 6 days
- C. 4 weeks
- D. 2 months
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Aspirin's anti-inflammatory effect for RA takes 4-6 days; 48 hours is too short.
You are treating a patient with a diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. The patient's wife mentions difficulty with transportation to the clinic. Which medication is the best choice?
- A. Donepezil
- B. Tacrine
- C. Doxazosin
- D. Verapamil
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Donepezil, with once-daily dosing, is practical for patients with transportation issues.