Nokea
A nurse is working to reduce individual and family violence in the local community. Which of the following actions by the nurse demonstrates a primary prevention strategy to achieve this goal?
- A. Conducting counseling for at-risk parents
- B. Assessing a family for marital discord
- C. Teaching parenting techniques to new parents
- D. Providing treatment for a young adult who has a substance use disorder
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Teaching parenting techniques to new parents. This is a primary prevention strategy because it focuses on educating parents before any violence occurs. By providing new parents with effective parenting techniques, the nurse is helping to prevent the occurrence of violence in the first place. This intervention addresses the root cause and promotes a positive family environment.
Choices A, B, and D are not primary prevention strategies. Conducting counseling for at-risk parents (A) is a secondary prevention strategy as it aims to intervene with individuals already at risk. Assessing a family for marital discord (B) is also a secondary prevention strategy as it involves identifying existing issues. Providing treatment for a young adult with a substance use disorder (D) is a tertiary prevention strategy, focusing on treating the individual after the issue has already developed.
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A nurse is caring for a client who is unconscious. Which of the following actions should the nurse take when providing oral care for the client?
- A. Test for the presence of the client's gag reflex
- B. Place the client in the supine position
- C. Use a firm toothbrush for tooth and gum care
- D. Use 2 gauze-wrapped fingers to hold the mouth open
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Test for the presence of the client's gag reflex. This is important to prevent aspiration during oral care. By testing the gag reflex, the nurse can ensure the client's airway is protected. Placing the client in the supine position (choice B) can increase the risk of aspiration. Using a firm toothbrush (choice C) can damage the delicate tissues in the mouth. Using 2 gauze-wrapped fingers to hold the mouth open (choice D) can increase the risk of injury to the client's oral mucosa.
A nurse is planning a program about healthy eating at an elementary school where most students select French fries and pizza at lunch every day. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take first?
- A. Give positive feedback to students who make appropriate choices.
- B. Help students recognize the value of making healthy food choices.
- C. Provide students with resources about making wise choices independently.
- D. Determine students' motivation to learn about healthy food choices.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Determine students' motivation to learn about healthy food choices. This is the first step because understanding the students' motivation will help tailor the program effectively. By assessing their motivation, the nurse can identify potential barriers to making healthy choices and address them in the program. Positive feedback (A) and resources (C) are important but should come after understanding motivation. Helping students recognize the value of healthy choices (B) is crucial, but motivation assessment precedes this step.
A nurse is assessing an outbreak of mumps among school-age children. Using the epidemiological triangle, the nurse should recognize that which of the following is the host?
- A. The vaccine
- B. The virus
- C. The school
- D. The children
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: The children. In the epidemiological triangle, the host refers to the organism that harbors the disease. In this case, the school-age children are the host as they are the ones affected by the mumps virus. The virus (option B) is the agent causing the disease, the vaccine (option A) is a preventative measure, and the school (option C) is the environment where transmission may occur but not the host. Therefore, the children (option D) being the individuals who are infected and affected by the mumps outbreak, are correctly identified as the host in this scenario.
A faith-based organization asks a community health nurse to develop a mobile meal program for older adults. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take first?
- A. Determine potential funding sources for the program
- B. Inquire about the availability of volunteers
- C. Identify alternative solutions to address concerns
- D. Perform a needs assessment
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Perform a needs assessment. This is because conducting a needs assessment is the first crucial step in program planning. It helps the nurse to gather data on the specific needs and preferences of older adults in the community. This data will guide the nurse in developing a mobile meal program that is tailored to meet the actual needs of the target population.
Option A: Determining potential funding sources should come after identifying the specific needs of the population, as funding sources will be based on the program's requirements.
Option B: Inquiring about the availability of volunteers is important but should be considered after understanding the needs of the older adults.
Option C: Identifying alternative solutions is premature without first understanding the actual needs of the population through a needs assessment.
In summary, performing a needs assessment is the first step as it provides essential information to guide the development of an effective and targeted mobile meal program for older adults.
A nurse is caring for a client who is homeless. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
- A. Determine the client's understanding of her living situation
- B. Assist the client to develop goals for obtaining shelter
- C. Discuss the risks of being homeless with the client
- D. Develop client teaching using a variety of strategies
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Determine the client's understanding of her living situation. This is the first step because it allows the nurse to assess the client's current situation and needs. Understanding the client's perspective is crucial for providing effective care and support. Assisting the client in developing goals (B) or discussing risks (C) should come after understanding the client's current situation. Developing client teaching (D) is important but should be based on the client's understanding and needs, which is why it comes after assessing their understanding.