Nokea
A nurse is working with a family in which the parents have just gotten divorced. After teaching the parents about measures to reduce the risk of emotional problems for the children, which statement by the parents indicates a need for additional teaching?
- A. We will try to alter their routines so they don?t think about the past.
- B. We will make sure that they understand that they did not cause the divorce.
- C. We will develop a regular and consistent schedule for visitation.
- D. We will make sure that we are consistent in the limit that we set.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Altering routines to avoid the past may disrupt stability and hinder processing the divorce, indicating a need for further teaching. Ensuring children don?t feel responsible, consistent visitation, and consistent limits are appropriate strategies to reduce emotional problems.
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A 3-year-old child has been admitted to the hospital after an automobile accident. Which statement by the nurse would be most appropriate when discussing the type of behavior the parents can expect their child to display while hospitalized?
- A. Your child may not be able to accept how the injury has changed your child?s appearance.
- B. Your child may seem unduly anxious in the presence of strangers.
- C. Your child may experience some guilt feelings associated with the accident.
- D. Your child will exhibit intermittent periodic mood swings, but these should be brief.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A 3-year-old is likely to exhibit stranger anxiety, especially in a stressful hospital setting, as they are developmentally prone to fear of unfamiliar people. Appearance concerns, guilt, or mood swings are more typical in older children with greater cognitive awareness.
A nurse is providing care to several chronically ill children. Which of the following would the nurse identify as having the greatest risk for developing a psychiatric problem?
- A. 12 year-old with diabetes mellitus
- B. 5 year-old with cerebral palsy
- C. 8 year-old who has chronic renal disease
- D. 10 year-old with a heart murmur
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Chronic renal disease in an 8-year-old poses significant physical and emotional stress, including frequent medical interventions and lifestyle restrictions, increasing psychiatric risk. Diabetes and cerebral palsy also carry risks, but renal disease is more invasive, and a heart murmur is typically less severe.
The nurse is planning an initial therapy session with a 20-year-old patient whose parents had alcoholism. The nurse anticipates that the patient would most likely exhibit symptoms of which of the following?
- A. Delusions
- B. Paranoid delusions
- C. Low self-concept
- D. Extroversion
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Children of alcoholics often develop low self-concept due to unstable family dynamics, neglect, or emotional stress. Delusions or paranoid delusions are not typical without a psychotic disorder, and extroversion is a personality trait, not a symptom.
The nurse is planning a counseling session with a group of at-risk adolescents on the topic of drug abuse. Which teaching strategy would be most effective?
- A. Handing out educational pamphlets and showing slides of car accidents related to teen drug use.
- B. Showing informational videotapes and providing Internet addresses on the topic of drug addiction.
- C. Giving information by lecturing and using pre- and posttest quizzing about the information.
- D. Involving peers in teaching the effective group problem-solving skills.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Peer-led teaching is highly effective for adolescents, as they are more likely to engage with and trust peers. Involving peers in teaching problem-solving skills fosters relatability and active participation, unlike passive methods like pamphlets, videos, or lectures.
The nurse is working with a child who has engaged in bullying. Which of the following would be most effective for the nurse to implement?
- A. Psychoeducation
- B. Bibliotherapy
- C. Early intervention program
- D. Social skills training
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Social skills training is most effective for addressing bullying, as it teaches empathy, communication, and conflict resolution, targeting the root behaviors. Psychoeducation provides knowledge, bibliotherapy uses reading, and early intervention is broader, not specific to bullying.