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A nurse leads a staff development session about ageism among health care workers. What information should the nurse include about the consequences of ageism? Select one tha does not apply.
- A. Failure of the elderly to receive necessary medical information
- B. Development of public policy that discriminates against the elderly
- C. Staff shortages because caregivers prefer working with younger adults
- D. The perception that elderly consume a smaller share of medical resources
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Because of society's negative stereotyping, elderly patients often receive less information (A) and fewer treatment options, public policy discriminates against them (B), and staff shortages occur as some prefer younger patients (C). The elderly are seen to consume more resources (not D), and discrimination spans all staff (not E).
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Consider these three drugs: divalproex (Depakote), carbamazepine (Tegretol), gabapentin (Neurontin). Which drug also belongs with this group?
- A. Clonazepam (Klonopin)
- B. Lamotrigine (Lamictal)
- C. Risperidone (Risperdal)
- D. Aripiprazole (Abilify)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Lamotrigine (Lamictal). All the drugs listed are commonly used in the treatment of epilepsy and mood disorders. Lamotrigine is often prescribed alongside divalproex, carbamazepine, and gabapentin as a mood stabilizer and antiepileptic medication. It works by stabilizing electrical activity in the brain and preventing seizures. Clonazepam (A) is a benzodiazepine used for anxiety and seizures, not in the same class as the other drugs. Risperidone (C) and Aripiprazole (D) are antipsychotics used for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, not primarily for epilepsy.
Which of the following is a priority for a nurse caring for a patient with anorexia nervosa during the refeeding phase?
- A. Providing a high-calorie diet immediately to speed up weight gain.
- B. Monitoring the patient closely for signs of refeeding syndrome.
- C. Promoting the patient's independence in meal choices.
- D. Encouraging exercise to improve physical health.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Monitoring the patient closely for signs of refeeding syndrome. Refeeding syndrome is a potentially life-threatening condition that can occur when a malnourished individual is fed too quickly. Monitoring for signs such as electrolyte imbalances, fluid shifts, and organ dysfunction is crucial to prevent complications. Providing a high-calorie diet immediately (A) can exacerbate refeeding syndrome. Promoting independence in meal choices (C) may not be appropriate if the patient needs close monitoring. Encouraging exercise (D) can be harmful during the refeeding phase as the body needs time to recover and regain strength.
In DSM-IV-TR intellectual disabilities are divided into a number of degrees of severity, depending primarily on the range of IQ score provided by the sufferer. One of these is Profound Mental Retardation, represented by an IQ score below:
- A. 20-25
- B. 25-30
- C. 15-20
- D. 15-Oct
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Profound Mental Retardation: Defined by DSM-IV-TR as an IQ score below 20-25.
When a patient with anorexia nervosa expresses a fear of weight gain, the nurse should respond by:
- A. Minimizing the patient's concerns to avoid anxiety.
- B. Encouraging weight loss to meet the patient's goals.
- C. Explaining that weight gain is part of the treatment plan.
- D. Agreeing with the patient's view on body image to reduce conflict.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct response is C: Explaining that weight gain is part of the treatment plan. This answer is correct because in treating anorexia nervosa, it is essential for patients to understand that weight gain is necessary for recovery and overall health improvement. By explaining this, the nurse can help the patient develop a more positive attitude towards weight gain and recognize it as a crucial aspect of the treatment process.
Choices A, B, and D are incorrect:
A: Minimizing the patient's concerns may invalidate their feelings and hinder therapeutic communication.
B: Encouraging weight loss would be counterproductive and reinforce the patient's negative behaviors and beliefs.
D: Simply agreeing with the patient's view on body image without addressing the need for weight gain would not promote positive change or support the patient's recovery.
Anorexia nervosa is very common in teenage girls
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Anorexia nervosa is prevalent among teenage girls due to societal pressures and developmental factors.