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A nurse orienting a newly licensed nurse is reviewing the procedure for taking a telephone prescription. Which of the following statements should the nurse identify as an indication that the newly licensed nurse understands the process?
- A. A second nurse enters the prescription into the client's medical record.
- B. Another nurse should listen to the phone call:
- C. The provider can clarify the prescription when he signs the health record.
- D. I should omit the 'read back' if this is a one-time prescription
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Having another nurse listen ensures accuracy in transcribing verbal orders, a standard safety protocol.
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A nurse's learning goals for the year include reviewing the most up-to-date information about emergency preparedness related to bioterrorism agents. What should the nurse do?
- A. Read textbooks devoted to the topic
- B. Review best practices around triage and emergency care
- C. Read journal articles about bioterrorism agents
- D. Visit the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Web site
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The CDC website provides the most current, authoritative bioterrorism preparedness information.
Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors are the drug of choice in treating hypertension in diabetic patients because they:
- A. Improve insulin sensitivity
- B. Improve renal hemodynamics
- C. Reduce the production of angiotensin II
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: ACE inhibitors benefit diabetics by enhancing insulin sensitivity, protecting kidneys, and blocking angiotensin II.
NSAIDs should be avoided in which group(s) of patients?
- A. Kidney disease
- B. Myocardial infarction
- C. Irritable bowel syndrome
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: NSAIDs can worsen kidney function, increase cardiovascular risk, and exacerbate GI conditions, making them risky for all listed groups.
The nurse is explaining how medications work to a group of peers and explains that disruption of a single step in any enzyme system disrupts what?
- A. Cell life
- B. Cell membrane
- C. Cell receptor sites
- D. Cell function
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: If a single step in one of the many enzyme systems is blocked, normal cell function is disrupted. Cell life and cell membrane may be impacted by disruption of some enzymes but not all enzymes. Receptor sites would not be disrupted by disruption in a single step in the enzyme system.
Which drug has a high first pass effect
- A. Amiodarone
- B. Phenytoin
- C. Verapamil
- D. Disopyramide
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Verapamil undergoes extensive first-pass metabolism in the liver, reducing its bioavailability when taken orally.