Nokea
Administration of exenatide is by subcutaneous injection:
- A. 30 minutes prior to the morning meal
- B. 60 minutes prior to the morning and evening meal
- C. 15 minutes after the evening meal
- D. 60 minutes before each meal daily
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Exenatide is injected 60 minutes before morning and evening meals to optimize glucose control; timing is incorrect.
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Which of the following is a luminal amebecide drug?
- A. Metronidazole
- B. Emtine
- C. Doxycycline
- D. Dicloxinide
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Diloxanide (likely misspelled as Dicloxinide) is a luminal amebicide used to eradicate cysts of Entamoeba histolytica in the intestinal lumen, unlike metronidazole, which targets systemic infection.
Henry presents to clinic with a significantly swollen, painful great toe and is diagnosed with gout. Of the following, which would be the best treatment for Henry?
- A. High-dose colchicine
- B. Low-dose colchicine
- C. High-dose aspirin
- D. Acetaminophen with codeine
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Low-dose colchicine effectively treats acute gout with fewer side effects than high-dose ; aspirin worsens gout.
A 73-year-old male patient is being discharged home today. The discharge order reads: Take 10 mL of guaifenesin (Robitussin) with plastic measuring caps. How much should the nurse teach the client to take at home?
- A. 1/2 tsp
- B. 1 tsp
- C. 2 tsp
- D. 1 tbsp
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: 10 mL equals 2 teaspoons (1 tsp = 5 mL), the correct household measure for patient teaching.
Which of the following best describes the effect of propylthiouracil on thyroid hormone production?
- A. It blocks the release of thyrotropin-releasing hormone
- B. It inhibits uptake of iodide by thyroid cells
- C. It prevents the release of thyroid hormone from thyroglobulin
- D. It blocks iodination and coupling of tyrosines in thyroglobulin to form thyroid hormones
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Propylthiouracil blocks iodination and coupling in thyroglobulin, inhibiting thyroid hormone synthesis.
Many patients self-medicate with antacids. Which patients should be counseled to not take calcium carbonate antacids without discussing it with their provider or a pharmacist first?
- A. Patients with kidney stones
- B. Pregnant patients
- C. Patients with heartburn
- D. Postmenopausal women
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Calcium carbonate can worsen kidney stones; it's generally safe in pregnancy or heartburn without special caution.