Nokea
A nurse should be able to differentiate between the typical and atypical antipsychotics. Which of the following would the nurse identify as an atypical antipsychotic? Select all that apply.
- A. Lithium (Eskalith)
- B. Aripiprazole (Abilify)
- C. Chlorpromazine (Thorazine)
- D. Prochlorperazine (Compazine)
- E. Clozapine (Clozaril)
Correct Answer: B,E
Rationale: Aripiprazole (Abilify) and clozapine (Clozaril) are classified as atypical antipsychotics.
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A client comes to the emergency department and tells the nurse, 'I've been hiccoughing constantly for the past 6 or 7 hours and nothing I do to stop them seems to work.' The nurse would expect the primary health care provider to prescribe which of the following?
- A. Prochlorperazine
- B. Chlorpromazine
- C. Haloperidol
- D. Olanzapine
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Chlorpromazine may be used to treat uncontrolled hiccoughs. Prochlorperazine may be used as an antiemetic. Haloperidol and olanzapine are not indicated for uncontrolled hiccoughs.
A client with schizophrenia is prescribed antipsychotic therapy. When developing the plan of care for the client, the nurse integrates understanding that the client is at risk for extrapyramidal syndrome. The nurse would expect to assess the client for this adverse reaction at which time?
- A. Once a week
- B. At the initiation of therapy
- C. When the dose is reduced
- D. Every 3 months
- E. When the dose is increased
Correct Answer: B,C,E
Rationale: The nurse should assess for EPS during initial therapy and whenever the dosage is increased or decreased.
A nurse is caring for a client with schizophrenia. The physician has prescribed olanzapine in a disintegrating tablet form for the client. Which of the following points should the nurse include in the teaching plan for the client?
- A. Remove the tablet with dry hands.
- B. Take the tablet with a full glass of water.
- C. Add extra salt to food.
- D. Avoid tea or coffee.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse should instruct the client to remove the olanzapine tablet with dry hands and place the entire tablet in his or her mouth. Wet or damp hands may cause the medication to begin disintegrating prior to entering the client's mouth. There is no need to add extra salt to food. The client is required to take orally disintegrating olanzapine, so there is no need to take any fluid with the drug. Also, there is no need to avoid tea or coffee.
A nurse caring for a client receiving clozapine (Clozaril) needs to be mindful of the symptoms that indicate bone marrow suppression. Assessment of which of the following would lead the nurse to suspect that the client is experiencing bone marrow suppression? Select all that apply.
- A. Hypertension
- B. Sore throat
- C. Fever
- D. Chills
- E. Weakness
Correct Answer: B,C,D,E
Rationale: Symptoms that indicate bone marrow suppression include lethargy, weakness, fever, sore throat, malaise, mucous membrane ulceration, and 'flu-like' complaints.
Before administering a prescribed antipsychotic drug to a client, the nurse observes the client for any behavior patterns that appear to be deviations from normal. Which of the following would the nurse identify as a deviation? Select all that apply.
- A. Poor eye contact
- B. Monotone speech pattern
- C. Inappropriate laughter
- D. Failure to answer questions completely
- E. Inappropriate crying
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D,E
Rationale: Examples of deviation from normal include poor eye contact, failure to answer questions completely, inappropriate answers to questions, a monotone speech pattern, and inappropriate laughter, sadness, or crying.