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A nurse wants to become involved in community disaster preparedness and is interested in helping set up acute care centers in the event of a disaster. Which organization is the best fit for this nurse's interests?
- A. The Medical Reserve Corps
- B. The National Guard
- C. The Health Department
- D. A Disaster Medical Assistance Team
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The Medical Reserve Corps (MRC) consists of volunteer medical and public health professionals who support the community during times of need, including helping staff hospitals and setting up acute care centers.
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The hospital administration arranges for critical incident stress debriefing for the staff after a mass casualty incident. Which statement by the debriefing team leader is most appropriate for this situation?
- A. You are safe now and the event is over.
- B. Let's evaluate what went wrong and develop policies for future incidents.
- C. This session is only for nursing and medical staff, not for ancillary personnel.
- D. Let's pass around the written policy compliance form for everyone.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The most appropriate statement is to reassure staff that they are safe and the event is over, helping to reduce anxiety and facilitate emotional processing during the debriefing.
A family in the emergency department is overwhelmed at the loss of several family members due to a disaster. What should the nurse do?
- A. Provide a calm location for the family to cope and discuss needs.
- B. Call the hospital chaplain to stay with the family and pray for the deceased.
- C. Delay the viewing of the victims until the bodies are prepared.
- D. Provide privacy for law enforcement to interview the family.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse should first provide emotional support by offering a calm environment, listening to the family's needs, and providing choices to restore some sense of control.
Emergency medical services (EMS) brings a large number of clients to the emergency department following a serious incident. The nurse identifies the clients with which injuries with yellow tags. (Select all that apply.)
- A. Partial-thickness burns covering both legs
- B. Open fractures with good distal pulses
- C. Neck injury and numbness of both legs
- D. Small pieces of shrapnel embedded in both eyes
- E. Head injury and difficult to arouse
- F. Bruising and pain in the right lower abdomen
Correct Answer: A,C,D,F
Rationale: Clients with burns, spine injuries, eye injuries, and stable abdominal injuries should be treated within 30 minutes to 2 hours and are classified with yellow tags. Open fractures with good distal pulses and head injuries with difficulty arousing require immediate care and would receive red tags.
A hospital prepares for a mass casualty event. Which functions are correctly paired with the personnel role? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Hospital incident commander: Decides the number, acuity, and resource needs of clients
- B. Hospital incident commander: Assumes overall leadership for implementing the emergency plan
- C. Public information officer: Provides advanced life support during transportation to the hospital
- D. Triage officer: Rapidly evaluates each client to determine priorities for treatment
- E. Medical command physician: Serves as a liaison between the health care facility and the media
Correct Answer: B,D
Rationale: The hospital incident commander leads the emergency plan implementation, and the triage officer evaluates clients for treatment priorities. The medical command physician, not the incident commander, assesses client numbers and needs, and the public information officer, not the medical command physician, liaises with the media.
A hospital responds to a local mass casualty event. Which action should the nurse supervisor take to prevent staff post-traumatic stress disorder during a mass casualty event?
- A. Provide water and healthy snacks for energy throughout the event.
- B. Schedule 16-hour shifts to allow for greater rest between shifts.
- C. Encourage counseling upon deactivation of the emergency response plan.
- D. Assign staff to different roles and units within the medical facility.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: To prevent staff post-traumatic stress disorder during a mass casualty event, nurses should use available counseling, encourage and support co-workers, monitor each other's stress level and performance, take breaks when needed, talk about feelings with staff and managers, and drink plenty of water and eat healthy snacks for energy. Nurses should also keep in touch with family, friends, and significant others, and not work for more than 12 hours per day.