Nokea
A nurse wants to find a description of diagnostic criteria for a person diagnosed with schizophrenia. Which resource should the nurse consult?
- A. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
- B. Journal of the American Psychiatric Association
- C. North American Nursing Diagnosis Association International (NANDA-I)
- D. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The DSM-5 identifies diagnostic criteria for psychiatric diagnoses. The other sources have useful information but are not the best resources for finding a description of the diagnostic criteria for a psychiatric disorder.
You may also like to solve these questions
In the majority culture of the United States, which individual is at greatest risk to be incorrectly labeled mentally ill?
- A. Person who is usually pessimistic but strives to meet personal goals.
- B. Wealthy person who gives $20 bills to needy individuals in the community.
- C. Person with an optimistic viewpoint about getting his or her own needs met.
- D. Person who expresses strong beliefs about the existence of alien abductions.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Possessing and expressing unpopular or unsubstantiated beliefs often suggests an individual is mentally unstable. In this situation, cultural norms vary, making it more difficult to make an accurate DSM-5 diagnosis. The individuals described in the other options are less likely to be labeled as mentally ill.
A patient is admitted to the psychiatric hospital. Which assessment finding best indicates that the patient has a mental illness? The patient:
- A. describes coping and relaxation strategies used when feeling anxious.
- B. describes mood as consistently sad, discouraged, and hopeless.
- C. can perform tasks attempted within the limits of own abilities.
- D. reports occasional problems with insomnia.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A patient who reports having a consistently negative mood is describing a mood alteration that affects the ability to function optimistically. The incorrect options describe mentally healthy behaviors and common problems that do not indicate mental illness.
A patient's history shows intense and unstable relationships with others. The patient initially idealizes an individual and then devalues the person when the patient's needs are not met. Which aspect of mental health is a problem for this patient?
- A. Effectiveness in work
- B. Communication skills
- C. Productive activities
- D. Maintaining relationships
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The information provided centers on relationships with others, which are described as intense and unstable. The relationships of mentally healthy individuals are stable, satisfying, and socially integrated. Data are not present to describe work effectiveness, communication skills, or activities.
A critical care nurse asks a psychiatric nurse about the difference between a diagnosis in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) and a nursing diagnosis. What is the psychiatric nurse's best response?
- A. No functional difference exists between the two diagnoses. Both serve to identify a human deviance.
- B. The DSM-5 diagnosis disregards culture, whereas the nursing diagnosis includes cultural variables.
- C. The DSM-5 diagnosis profiles present distress or disability, whereas a nursing diagnosis considers past and present responses to actual mental health problems.
- D. The DSM-5 diagnosis influences the medical treatment; the nursing diagnosis offers a framework to identify interventions for problems a patient has or may experience.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The medical diagnosis, defined according to the DSM-5, is concerned with the patient's disease state, causes, and cures, whereas the nursing diagnosis focuses on the patient's response to stress and possible caring interventions. Both the DSM-5 and a nursing diagnosis consider culture. Nursing diagnoses also consider potential problems.
An 86 year old, previously healthy and independent, falls after an episode of vertigo. Which statement made by this patient best demonstrates resilience?
- A. I knew this would happen eventually.
- B. Attending my weekly water aerobics class is too risky.
- C. I don't need that silly walker to get around by myself.
- D. Maybe some physical therapy will help me with my balance.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Resiliency is the ability to recover from or adjust to misfortune and change. The correct response indicates that the patient is hopeful and thinking positively about ways to adapt to the vertigo. Saying 'I knew this would happen eventually' and discontinuing healthy activities suggest a hopeless perspective on the health change. Refusing to use a walker indicates denial.