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A nurse who is participating in a health fair asks, "Other than nursing, what are some opportunities for careers in the health care professions, and what education is required?" The nurse informs participants that a baccalaureate degree is required as the minimum standard for the role of:
- A. speech therapist.
- B. occupational therapist.
- C. nurse-midwife.
- D. nurse anesthetist.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: nurse anesthetist. Nurse anesthetists require a minimum of a baccalaureate degree in nursing as a prerequisite for their advanced practice role. They then need to complete a master's or doctoral program in nurse anesthesia. This advanced education and training enable nurse anesthetists to provide anesthesia care in various healthcare settings.
Incorrect answers:
A: Speech therapists require a master's degree in speech-language pathology.
B: Occupational therapists require a master's degree in occupational therapy.
C: Nurse-midwives require a master's degree in nurse-midwifery or a related field.
In summary, the minimum education requirement of a baccalaureate degree aligns with the role of a nurse anesthetist, making choice D the correct answer.
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The number of IV site infections has more than doubled on a nursing unit. The staff determine common causes include the site is cleaned using inconsistent methods, dressing frequently becomes wet when patient showers, IV tubing is not changed every 48 hours per protocol, and inadequate hand washing of RN prior to insertion. A bar graph demonstrates the frequency in descending order, with 80% of infections being attributed to inadequate hand washing. The quality tool used is a:
- A. cause-and-effect diagram.
- B. run chart.
- C. Pareto chart.
- D. flowchart.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Pareto chart. A Pareto chart is a quality tool used to prioritize issues by identifying the most significant factors contributing to a problem. In this case, the Pareto chart is appropriate because it helps visually show that inadequate hand washing is the primary cause of IV site infections, as it accounts for 80% of all infections. The chart allows the staff to focus their efforts on addressing this key issue first, which is crucial for effectively reducing the overall infection rate.
Incorrect choices:
A: Cause-and-effect diagram - This tool is used to identify and analyze potential causes of a problem, but it does not prioritize them in the same way a Pareto chart does.
B: Run chart - A run chart is used to track data over time to identify trends and patterns, but it does not prioritize the causes of a problem like a Pareto chart.
D: Flowchart - Flowcharts are used to map out a process or workflow, but they do not prioritize issues
A new graduate nurse is preparing for an interview for her first position and knows that: (select all that apply)
- A. the primary goal for the first job is to complete orientation and should be considered as an extension of nursing school.
- B. appointments for interviews should be scheduled immediately after graduation to avoid rushing into a position.
- C. self-confidence can be improved with self-talk, which reminds the graduate that peers from her school are effective practitioners.
- D. work history of even nonmedical positions can demonstrate commitment and reliability so letters from these employers should be in portfolio.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because the primary goal for a new graduate nurse in their first job is to successfully complete the orientation process. This is crucial for transitioning from the academic setting to the professional nursing environment. Completing orientation ensures that the nurse is equipped with the necessary knowledge and skills to provide safe and effective patient care.
Choice B is incorrect because scheduling interviews immediately after graduation may not allow the nurse enough time to prepare adequately for the interview process.
Choice C is incorrect because while self-confidence is important, relying solely on past achievements of peers may not be a sustainable source of confidence in a new work environment.
Choice D is incorrect because while work history and letters of recommendation can be valuable, they may not necessarily be the primary focus during the initial stages of a new nurse's career.
The nurse caring for a patient who practices Ayurveda would assess for:
- A. an increased stool osmolality gap resulting from dehydration.
- B. petechiae resulting from fine-needle punctures.
- C. use of over-the-counter remedies intended for intended symptom.
- D. magnets strategically placed on affected joints.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, as Ayurveda is a traditional Indian medicine system using herbal remedies. Assessing for over-the-counter remedies aligns with Ayurvedic practices.
A: Stool osmolality gap and dehydration are not directly related to Ayurveda.
B: Petechiae from fine-needle punctures are not typically associated with Ayurveda.
D: Magnets on joints are not a common Ayurvedic practice.
In summary, assessing for over-the-counter remedies is the most relevant choice for a patient who practices Ayurveda.
A patient is admitted with hypotension, shortness of breath, flushing, and hives. All levels of staff have been trained to assess vital signs. Given budget restrictions and proper delegation rules, to which care provider would the RN delegate the task of obtaining the initial blood pressure reading?
- A. RN
- B. LPN/LVN
- C. Unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP)
- D. Use the blood pressure obtained in the ambulance, because it was assessed via electronic monitoring.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. The Unlicensed Assistive Personnel (UAP) can be delegated the task of obtaining the initial blood pressure reading because this task is within their scope of practice and does not require specialized nursing knowledge or assessment skills. The UAP can be trained and supervised to accurately measure blood pressure, freeing up the RN to focus on assessing the patient's overall condition and providing necessary interventions. Delegating this task to the UAP is cost-effective and efficient, allowing the RN to prioritize critical nursing assessments and interventions for the patient's presenting symptoms.
Incorrect choices:
A: RN - The RN should not perform tasks that can be safely delegated to other members of the healthcare team to optimize efficiency and resource utilization.
B: LPN/LVN - While LPNs/LVNs have more advanced training than UAPs, obtaining a blood pressure reading is a basic task that can be appropriately delegated to UAPs.
D: Using the blood pressure obtained in the ambulance - This option does
When the policy process is compared with the nursing process, identifying the issue is consistent with which step of the nursing process?
- A. Assessment
- B. Diagnosis
- C. Planning
- D. Implementation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Assessment. In the nursing process, the first step is assessment, which involves gathering data to identify the issue or problem. Similarly, in the policy process, identifying the problem is equivalent to the assessment phase. This step sets the foundation for the subsequent steps of diagnosis, planning, and implementation.
Choice B: Diagnosis is incorrect as it comes after assessment in the nursing process and focuses on analyzing the data to determine the underlying cause of the issue.
Choice C: Planning is incorrect as it follows diagnosis in the nursing process and involves developing a plan of action based on the identified problem.
Choice D: Implementation is incorrect as it is the final step in the nursing process where the plan is put into action after assessment, diagnosis, and planning have been completed.