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A nurse who is working with a patient being treated for depression is using solution-focused brief therapy (SFBT) during the patient?s brief psychiatric hospitalization. The nurse decides to use an exception question. Which question would the nurse most likely use?
- A. When did you first feel depressed?
- B. When do you not feel depressed?
- C. What feelings contribute to your depression?
- D. What has to happen for you to feel depressed?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In SFBT, an exception question asks about times when the problem (depression) is absent or less severe, as in 'When do you not feel depressed?' This helps identify strengths and solutions. Other options focus on the problem?s onset or causes, which are less aligned with SFBT?s solution-oriented approach.
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When engaged in rational emotive behavior therapy, which of the following would be addressed during the activating event sequence?
- A. Teaching the connection between beliefs and consequences
- B. Assessing the consequences of the problem
- C. Facilitating the working-through process
- D. Preparing patient to deepen conviction in rational beliefs
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT), the activating event sequence (A-B-C model) involves teaching how an activating event (A) triggers beliefs (B) that lead to consequences (C). This connection is addressed first to help patients understand and challenge irrational beliefs.
A group of nursing students is reviewing the history of the development of cognitive therapies over the years. The students demonstrate understanding of the information when they identify which individual as being responsible for first developing cognitive therapy interventions?
- A. Aaron Beck
- B. Sigmund Freud
- C. Albert Ellis
- D. de Shazer and Berg
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Aaron Beck is credited with developing cognitive therapy, focusing on altering distorted thoughts to improve mental health. Freud developed psychoanalysis, Ellis pioneered rational emotive behavior therapy, and de Shazer and Berg created solution-focused brief therapy, not cognitive therapy.
A nursing instructor is preparing a class lecture about cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). Which of the following would the instructor use to best describe this process?
- A. Solving patients? problems for them by determining how they need to change their thoughts and actions and developing a plan that will help them do so.
- B. Using techniques to modify a patient?s behavior shaping it into behavior that is appropriate in order to help the patient experience a more positive future.
- C. Reinforcing distorted beliefs so they can play a major part in changing a patient?s behavior for the better and improving his or her quality of life.
- D. Working in a trusting and collaborative relationship to help patients focus on solving their own problems by changing the way they think and behave.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: CBT involves a collaborative, patient-centered approach where the therapist and patient work together to identify and modify negative thoughts and behaviors to solve problems. Option D captures this essence. Option A is directive, not collaborative; option B focuses only on behavior; and option C incorrectly suggests reinforcing distorted beliefs.
During a therapy session, a patient is asked to rate the intensity of his current issue from 1 to 10 with 1 being complete absence of the issue and 10 being the most intense. The patient is being asked which type of question?
- A. Relationship
- B. Miracle
- C. Scaling
- D. Exception
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A scaling question in SFBT asks patients to rate the intensity of an issue on a numerical scale, as described, to assess progress and guide interventions. Relationship questions explore others? perspectives, miracle questions envision problem-free scenarios, and exception questions identify problem-free times.
A nurse is working as part of an interdisciplinary treatment team caring for patients with psychiatric disorders. Based on the nurse?s understanding of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and its limitations cited by critics, the nurse would identify which patient as an inappropriate candidate for CBT?
- A. A client diagnosed with substance abuse
- B. A client diagnosed with depression
- C. A client diagnosed with schizophrenia
- D. A client diagnosed with an eating disorder
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: CBT is effective for depression, eating disorders, and substance abuse, as it targets cognitive distortions and behaviors. Schizophrenia, with prominent psychotic symptoms like delusions and hallucinations, is less responsive to CBT alone due to impaired reality testing, making it an inappropriate primary candidate, though CBT can be adjunctive.