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A nurse works a rape telephone hotline. Communication should focus on:
- A. Explaining immediate steps victims should take;
- B. Providing callers with a sympathetic listener.
- C. Obtaining information for law enforcement.
- D. Arranging long-term counseling.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because in cases of sexual assault, immediate steps such as seeking medical attention, preserving evidence, and contacting authorities are crucial. Providing sympathy (B) is important but secondary to ensuring victims' safety. Obtaining information for law enforcement (C) should only be done if victims consent, as their safety and well-being are the priority. Long-term counseling (D) is important but not the immediate focus on a hotline call.
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What would be an expected outcome for a patient with anorexia nervosa undergoing treatment?
- A. The patient will stabilize weight at a normal level.
- B. The patient will participate in group therapy regularly.
- C. The patient will express satisfaction with their body image.
- D. The patient will regain full cognitive function and independence.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. In Anorexia Nervosa treatment, the primary goal is weight restoration to a healthy level. This is crucial for physical health and recovery. Stabilizing weight at a normal level is a key indicator of treatment success. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not address the core issue of weight restoration, which is essential in treating Anorexia Nervosa. Group therapy, body image satisfaction, and cognitive function are important aspects of treatment but not the primary outcome measure for patients with anorexia nervosa.
The main focus of medical management for anorexia is to:
- A. Encourage rapid weight gain.
- B. Encourage the client to eat voluntarily.
- C. Teach more appropriate food choices.
- D. None of the above.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the main focus of medical management for anorexia is not to encourage rapid weight gain, as it can lead to serious health complications. Encouraging the client to eat voluntarily is also not the main focus, as anorexia involves psychological factors that go beyond simple lack of appetite. Teaching more appropriate food choices is not the main focus either, as anorexia requires comprehensive treatment that addresses underlying emotional issues. Overall, the main focus is on a multidisciplinary approach that includes therapy, nutritional counseling, and medical monitoring to address the physical and psychological aspects of the disorder.
A priority measure to teach a client who purges is:
- A. that purging endangers one's health.
- B. that individuals who are overweight can be well-adjusted.
- C. to seek out a trusted person when feeling the need to purge.
- D. to use laxatives rather than vomiting as a way to eliminate food.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: Choice C is correct because seeking out a trusted person when feeling the need to purge can help the client establish a supportive and healthy coping mechanism. It encourages open communication, emotional support, and accountability. This approach addresses the underlying issues contributing to the purging behavior, fostering long-term positive change. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they do not directly address the need for seeking support and establishing healthier coping strategies.
A patient has not come out of her room for breakfast. The nurse finds the patient moving restlessly about her room in a disorganized manner. The patient is talking to herself, and her verbal responses to the nurse are nonsensical and suggest disorientation. The nurse notices that the patient's skin is hot and dry, and her pupils are somewhat dilated. All these symptoms are significant departures from the patient's recent presentation. The patient is likely experiencing ______, and the nurse should ______.
- A. anticholinergic toxicity"¦check vital signs and prepare to use a cooling blanket stat
- B. relapse of her psychosis"¦administer PRN antipsychotic drugs and notify her physician
- C. neuroleptic malignant syndrome"¦contact her physician for a transfer to intensive care
- D. agranulocytosis"¦hold her antipsychotic and draw blood for a complete blood count
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: anticholinergic toxicity. The patient's symptoms align with this diagnosis due to the disorganized behavior, nonsensical speech, disorientation, hot and dry skin, dilated pupils, and recent presentation changes. Anticholinergic toxicity can cause confusion, delirium, hyperthermia, and dilated pupils. Checking vital signs and preparing to use a cooling blanket are appropriate actions to manage the symptoms.
Choice B (relapse of psychosis) is incorrect because the symptoms are not typical of a psychotic relapse. Choice C (neuroleptic malignant syndrome) is incorrect as the symptoms do not completely align with this syndrome, which typically includes muscle rigidity and autonomic dysfunction. Choice D (agranulocytosis) is incorrect because it presents with low white blood cell count and not the symptoms described in the scenario.
Which of the following is an example of a Specific Learning Disability?
- A. Mental Retardation
- B. Dyslexia
- C. ADHD
- D. Autistic spectrum disorders
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Dyslexia: A persistent, chronic condition in which reading ability lags behind that of non-impaired individuals for the course of most of their lifetime.