Respiratory System NCLEX Questions

Respiratory System NCLEX Questions Related

Review Respiratory System NCLEX Questions related questions and content

A nursing instructor asks a nursing student to describe the route of transmission of tuberculosis. The instructor concludes that the student understands this information if the student states that tuberculosis is transmitted by:

  • A. Hand to mouth
  • B. The airborne route
  • C. The fecal-oral route
  • D. Blood and body fluids
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: The airborne route. Tuberculosis is primarily transmitted through the air when an infected person coughs or sneezes, releasing droplets containing the TB bacteria. These droplets can be inhaled by others, leading to the transmission of the disease. This mode of transmission is supported by scientific evidence and is well-documented in medical literature.

Choice A (Hand to mouth) is incorrect because TB is not typically transmitted through direct contact with contaminated hands to mouth. Choice C (The fecal-oral route) is incorrect as TB is not transmitted through fecal-oral route but primarily through respiratory droplets. Choice D (Blood and body fluids) is incorrect as TB is not commonly transmitted through blood or body fluids, but rather through respiratory droplets in the air.

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A nurse cares for a client who had a bronchoscopy 2 hours ago. The client asks for a drink of water. Which action should the nurse take next?

  • A. Call the physician and request a prescription for food and water.
  • B. Provide the client with ice chips instead of a drink of water.
  • C. Assess the client's gag reflex before giving any food or water.
  • D. Let the client have a small sip to see whether he or she can swallow.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Correct Answer: C

Rationale:
1. Assessing the client's gag reflex is crucial after a bronchoscopy to prevent aspiration.
2. Gag reflex helps protect the airway from foreign substances entering the lungs.
3. Providing food or water without assessing the gag reflex can lead to aspiration pneumonia.
4. It is essential to ensure the client's safety before allowing any intake post-bronchoscopy.

Summary:
A: Calling the physician for a prescription is not necessary at this immediate stage.
B: Ice chips may still pose a risk if the client cannot protect their airway.
D: Allowing a sip without assessing gag reflex may lead to aspiration.

pharynx is a muscular tube with a length of

  • A. 13cm
  • B. 12cm
  • C. Sinches
  • D. both a and c
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 13cm. The human pharynx is typically around 13cm in length. This length allows for the proper passage of food and liquids from the mouth to the esophagus. Choice B (12cm) is incorrect as it is slightly shorter than the average length of the pharynx. Choice C (5 inches) is also incorrect as it does not correspond to the standard unit of measurement for medical lengths. Choice D (both a and c) is incorrect as 12cm and 5 inches are not equivalent lengths for the pharynx.

The nurse is caring for a patient who has returned to the unit following a bronchoscopy. The patient is asking for something to drink. Which criterion will determine when the nurse should allow the patient to drink fluids?

  • A. Presence of a cough and gag reflex
  • B. Absence of nausea
  • C. Ability to demonstrate deep inspiration
  • D. Oxygen saturation of ≥92%
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, presence of a cough and gag reflex. After a bronchoscopy, it is crucial for the nurse to ensure the patient has a cough and gag reflex before allowing them to drink fluids to prevent aspiration. Cough reflex helps clear secretions, and gag reflex prevents fluids from entering the airway. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not directly relate to the safety of the patient's ability to swallow post-bronchoscopy.

How many lobes does each lung have, and which lung has a cardiac notch?

  • A. right lung has 2 lobes, the left lung has 3 lobes; the right lung has a cardiac notch
  • B. right lung has 3 lobes, the left lung has 2 lobes; the right lung has a cardiac notch
  • C. right lung has 2 lobes, the left lung has 3 lobes; the left lung has a cardiac notch
  • D. right lung has 3 lobes, the left lung has 2 lobes; the left lung has a cardiac notch
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Step 1: Identifying lobes - The right lung has 3 lobes (upper, middle, lower) while the left lung has 2 lobes (upper, lower).
Step 2: Cardiac notch - The cardiac notch is a concave space on the left lung where the heart lies. Therefore, the left lung has a cardiac notch.
Step 3: Correct choice - Option D states that the right lung has 3 lobes, the left lung has 2 lobes, and the left lung has a cardiac notch, which aligns with the anatomical features of the lungs.
Step 4: Incorrect choices - Choices A, B, and C have incorrect combinations of lobes and the presence of a cardiac notch, making them incorrect.

When instructing the client with chronic stable angina it should be emphasized that angina may be brought on by many precipitating factors including the following:

  • A. Rest
  • B. Sudden change in position
  • C. Severe depression
  • D. Consumption of a heavy meal
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Step 1: Consumption of a heavy meal can lead to increased blood flow to the digestive system, causing a temporary reduction in blood flow to the heart muscle.
Step 2: This reduction can trigger angina symptoms in individuals with chronic stable angina.
Step 3: Emphasizing this to the client helps in understanding potential triggers to manage their condition effectively.
Step 4: Rest (A) is usually recommended to relieve angina, sudden change in position (B) is not a common trigger, and severe depression (C) can exacerbate angina but is not a direct precipitating factor like heavy meals.

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