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A nursing student is reading an article about protective factors for mental illness with older adults. The article mentions the individual?s ability to adapt successfully to stress, trauma, or chronic adversity. The student identifies this as which of the following?
- A. Functional status
- B. Gerotransendence
- C. Resilience
- D. Empty nest
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Resilience is the ability to adapt to stress, trauma, or adversity, a key protective factor for mental health. Functional status refers to physical capabilities, gerotranscendence to spiritual aging, and empty nest to a life stage, not adaptation.
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While assessing an older adult patient for mental health issues, the nurse pays special attention to the patient?s sensory function based on the understanding of which of the following?
- A. Most older adults follow a specific pattern of decline in functioning leading to gradual onset of problems.
- B. Sensory decline may affect the individual?s ability to process information, possibly influencing the findings of the mental status examination.
- C. Diminished sensory function can lead to changes in other body systems that may affect the individual?s reaction to prescribed medications.
- D. Changes in the senses can result in changes in cognitive abilities that mimic the manifestations of mental disorders.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sensory decline (e.g., hearing, vision) can impair information processing, affecting mental status examination results. Patterns of decline vary, sensory changes don?t directly alter other systems for medication reactions, and cognitive mimicry is possible but less primary.
The nurse is presenting a community educational program focusing on older adults and mental health protective factors. One of the participants asks what the influence of co-parenting one?s grandchild has on the mental health of the grandparent. Which response by the nurse would be most appropriate?
- A. The well-being of grandmothers is statistically more significant when they co-parent their grandchildren.
- B. Although there are stresses involved with grandparenting, the positive benefits appear to outweigh the negatives.
- C. White grandmothers experience less well-being when they co-parent their grandchildren.
- D. The perceived well-being of grandfathers who co-parent their grandchildren significantly changes in a positive direction.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Co-parenting grandchildren can enhance well-being through purpose and connection, though it involves stress; benefits generally outweigh negatives. Gender-specific or racial claims (A, C, D) lack broad evidence and are less accurate.
The nurse is working with a patient whose mobility is impaired secondary to a fall that resulted in a broken hip. In addition, the patient, who has diabetes, is developing problems with vision and hearing. The patient seems increasingly withdrawn and depressed. The nurse determines that the patient is at risk for spiritual distress. Which intervention would be most appropriate?
- A. Encourage the patient to talk about significant childhood religious experiences.
- B. Offer to take the patient to a revival the nurse?s church is holding in the community.
- C. Read to the patient Bible passages that seem particularly relevant to the patient?s case.
- D. Explore what the mobility, sight, and hearing changes mean to the patient.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Exploring the meaning of the patient?s losses addresses spiritual distress by focusing on their personal values and coping, which is patient-centered. Religious interventions (A, B, C) may not align with the patient?s beliefs and could be inappropriate.
A group of nursing students is reviewing risk and protective factors associated for mental disorders in the older adult population. The students demonstrate understanding of the information when they identify which of the following as a protective factor?
- A. Poverty
- B. Education
- C. Loss
- D. Chronic illness
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Education is a protective factor for mental health in older adults, promoting cognitive reserve and coping skills. Poverty, loss, and chronic illness are risk factors, increasing vulnerability to mental disorders.
A nursing instructor is preparing for a class discussion on polypharmacy and older adults. Which of the following would the instructor expect to include?
- A. The risk for drug abuse, although present, is fairly rare in this population.
- B. Older adults often experience a greater risk for adverse reactions.
- C. Medications are usually prescribed in higher doses initially and then gradually reduced.
- D. Age-related pharmacokinetic changes enhance the drug?s therapeutic effectiveness.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Older adults face a greater risk for adverse drug reactions due to age-related changes in metabolism and excretion. Drug abuse is rare, doses are typically lower, not higher, and pharmacokinetic changes often reduce, not enhance, effectiveness.