Nokea
A parent calls the clinic nurse because his 7-year-old child was bitten by a black widow spider. What action should the nurse advise the parent to take?
- A. Apply warm compresses.
- B. Carefully scrape off the stinger.
- C. Take the child to the emergency department.
- D. Apply a thin layer of corticosteroid cream.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Black widow spider venom is neurotoxic, requiring emergency treatment with antivenin and possibly muscle relaxants. Warm compresses spread the venom, black widows lack stingers, and corticosteroid cream is ineffective against the venom.
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An adolescent girl is brought to the hospital emergency department by her parents after being raped. The girl is calm and controlled throughout the interview and examination. The nurse should recognize this behavior is what?
- A. A sign that a rape has not actually occurred
- B. One of a variety of behaviors normally seen in rape victims
- C. Indicative of a higher than usual level of maturity in the adolescent
- D. Suggestive that the adolescent had severe emotional problems before the rape occurred
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rape victims exhibit varied responses, including calm behavior, which may mask inner turmoil. This is a normal coping mechanism, not indicative of the event?s validity, maturity, or pre-existing emotional issues.
Descriptions of young people with anorexia nervosa (AN) often include which criteria?
- A. Impulsive
- B. Extroverted
- C. Perfectionist
- D. Low achieving
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Individuals with AN are often perfectionists, striving for control and high academic achievement. Impulsivity and extroversion are more characteristic of bulimia nervosa, not AN.
During the physical examination of an adolescent with significant weight loss, what finding may indicate an eating disorder?
- A. Diarrhea
- B. Amenorrhea
- C. Appetite suppression
- D. Erosion of tooth enamel
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Erosion of tooth enamel is a sign of bulimia nervosa due to repeated vomiting. Amenorrhea may occur in anorexia nervosa but is less specific, diarrhea relates to other conditions, and appetite suppression is not a physical exam finding.
A 6-year-old boy with very fair skin will be joining his family during a beach vacation. What should the nurse recommend?
- A. Keep him off the beach during the daytime hours.
- B. Use sunscreen with an SPF of at least 15 and reapply it every 2 to 3 hours.
- C. Apply a topical sunscreen product with an SPF of 30 in the morning.
- D. Dress him in long pants and long-sleeved shirt and keep him under a beach umbrella.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sunscreen with SPF 15 or higher, reapplied every 2-3 hours and after water exposure, protects fair skin from UV damage. Avoiding the beach is impractical, a single SPF 30 application is insufficient, and long clothing with an umbrella is less practical than sunscreen.
The management of a child who has just been stung by a bee or wasp should include applying what?
- A. Cool compresses
- B. Antibiotic cream
- C. Warm compresses
- D. Corticosteroid cream
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cool compresses reduce swelling and pain from bee or wasp stings. Antibiotic cream is unnecessary unless infection occurs, warm compresses are not recommended, and corticosteroid cream is not part of initial treatment unless a severe reaction occurs.