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A parent of a child with glomerulonephritis asks why the urine is discolored. Which is the best response?
- A. It is not uncommon when children take steroids and BP medications.
- B. There is blood in your child's urine, which causes it to be tea-colored.
- C. The urine is concentrated.
- D. A ketogenic diet can cause tea-colored urine.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hematuria (blood in the urine) is a common finding in glomerulonephritis and causes a tea-colored appearance.
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What is the rationale for giving Mr. Franco frequent mouth care?
- A. He will be thirsty considering that he is doesn't drink enough fluids
- B. To remove dried blood when tongue is bitten during a seizure
- C. The tactile stimulation during mouth care will hasten return to consciousness
- D. Mouth breathing is used by comatose patient and it'll cause oral mucosa dying and cracking.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Giving Mr. Franco frequent mouth care is important to remove dried blood when the tongue is bitten during a seizure. Seizures can cause involuntary biting of the tongue, leading to the accumulation of dried blood in the mouth. If this blood is not removed promptly, it can result in discomfort, infection, and potential complications. Regular oral care helps maintain oral hygiene and prevents any issues related to oral trauma during seizures, promoting overall health and well-being for the patient.
The physician orders local application of epinephrine 1:1000 solution to treat a nosebleed. The patient asks how this will help. Which of the ff. responses by the nurse is best?
- A. "It will raise you BP, which is necessary because of blood loss."
- B. "It will dilate your bronchioles and make your breathing easier."
- C. "It will help your blood to clot to reduce bleeding."
- D. "It will constrict your vessels and slow down the bleeding."
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Epinephrine is a vasoconstrictor, which means it causes blood vessels to narrow. When applied locally to the site of a nosebleed, epinephrine constricts the blood vessels in the nose, slowing down and stopping the bleeding. By constricting the blood vessels, epinephrine helps to reduce the blood flow to the area, allowing a clot to form and stop the bleeding. This is why option D, "It will constrict your vessels and slow down the bleeding," is the best response by the nurse to explain how epinephrine will help treat a nosebleed.
gauge needle for drawing up medication and injecting it
- A. Inject the medication in the upper arm muscle
- B. Use a 1 inch needle to administer the medication
- C. Use the Z track technique to administer the medication
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Using a 1 inch needle is the appropriate gauge needle for drawing up medication and injecting it. The length of the needle is important to ensure that the medication reaches the intended target area and is administered effectively. Shorter needles may not penetrate deep enough, while longer needles may increase the risk of complications such as injecting the medication into the wrong tissue or causing discomfort to the patient. Therefore, using a 1 inch needle is the correct choice for administering medication safely and accurately.
The nurse is preparing an in-service education to staff about atraumatic care for pediatric patients. Which intervention should the nurse include?
- A. Prepare the child for separation from parents during hospitalization by reviewing a video.
- B. Prepare the child before any unfamiliar treatment or procedure by demonstrating on a stuffed animal.
- C. Help the child accept the loss of control associated with hospitalization.
- D. Help the child accept pain that is connected with a treatment or procedure.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Atraumatic care for pediatric patients aims to minimize emotional and psychological distress during hospitalization or medical procedures. Option B, preparing the child before any unfamiliar treatment or procedure by demonstrating it on a stuffed animal, is an appropriate intervention. This technique allows the child to understand what will happen, reduces fear of the unknown, and promotes a sense of control. By using a stuffed animal as a teaching tool, the nurse can provide clear information to the child in a non-threatening way, helping to alleviate anxiety and stress. This intervention encourages trust between the child and healthcare provider and promotes a positive healthcare experience for the pediatric patient.
Autism screening is recommended for all children at age of
- A. 12 to 18 months
- B. 18 to 24 months
- C. 24 to 36 months
- D. 36 to 48 months
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Autism screening is recommended between 18 and 24 months.