Age Specific Populations

Age Specific Populations Related

Review Age Specific Populations related questions and content

A patient admitted to the eating disorders unit has yellow skin, the extremities are cold, and the heart rate is 42 bpm. The patient weighs 70 pounds; height is 5 feet 4 inches. The patient is quiet during the assessment, saying only, 'I will not eat until I lose enough weight to look thin.' Select the best initial nursing diagnosis.

  • A. Anxiety related to fear of weight gain.
  • B. Disturbed body image related to weight loss.
  • C. Ineffective coping related to lack of conflict resolution skills.
  • D. None of the above.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Rationale for Correct Answer (D): None of the above is the best initial nursing diagnosis because the patient's symptoms suggest a severe medical condition rather than psychological issues. The yellow skin, cold extremities, low heart rate, extreme low weight, and refusal to eat indicate severe malnutrition and possible organ failure. Therefore, the priority is to address the patient's immediate medical needs, such as restoring electrolyte balance and preventing further complications. Psychological assessments and diagnoses can follow once the patient's physical health is stabilized.

Summary of Other Choices:
A: Anxiety related to fear of weight gain - This choice focuses on psychological factors, but the patient's symptoms indicate severe physical malnutrition rather than anxiety.
B: Disturbed body image related to weight loss - While body image issues may be present, the patient's critical medical condition takes precedence over psychological concerns.
C: Ineffective coping related to lack of conflict resolution skills - This choice does not address the urgency of the patient's physical symptoms and is not the most

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What is the primary concern when a patient with bulimia nervosa engages in frequent purging?

  • A. Electrolyte imbalances and dehydration.
  • B. Increased risk of obesity and metabolic syndrome.
  • C. Improvement in body image and self-esteem.
  • D. Decreased risk of gastrointestinal complications.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Electrolyte imbalances and dehydration. Purging behaviors in bulimia nervosa, such as self-induced vomiting or laxative abuse, can lead to electrolyte imbalances and dehydration due to loss of essential minerals and fluids. This can result in serious medical complications like cardiac arrhythmias and kidney damage. The other choices are incorrect because B is unrelated to purging behaviors, C is unlikely as purging does not improve body image or self-esteem, and D is incorrect as purging actually increases the risk of gastrointestinal complications.

A psychiatric technician remarks to the nurse, 'That client with dependent personality disorder is so clingy! I almost hate to see her coming my way.' The response by the nurse that will be helpful to the technician is:

  • A. I think everyone feels that way. It's difficult to have someone clinging.'
  • B. Clients with personality disorders have little regard for the rights of others.'
  • C. The client fears having to function independently without direction from someone else.'
  • D. The client is so preoccupied with perfection and structure that she's afraid to do anything at all.'
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: The client fears having to function independently without direction from someone else. This response is helpful because it provides insight into the underlying fear and motivation of the client's behavior. Clients with dependent personality disorder often have an excessive need to be taken care of and fear being alone or making decisions independently. This response acknowledges the client's struggle with autonomy and offers understanding without judgment.

Choice A is incorrect because it normalizes the technician's negative feelings, which does not address the client's needs. Choice B is incorrect because it makes a generalizing and negative statement about clients with personality disorders, which is stigmatizing and unhelpful. Choice D is incorrect because it describes features more commonly associated with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder, not dependent personality disorder.

A client with paranoid schizophrenia has said she feels like throwing a chair. The nurse in the dayroom hears this and wishes to encourage verbalization as a desecalation technique. Which response by the nurse would fulfill this plan?

  • A. Tell me what's going on.'
  • B. If you throw something, you will be restrained.'
  • C. Why are you so upset?'
  • D. It's time for group therapy. You can talk there.'
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because it encourages the client to express their feelings verbally, promoting communication and potentially preventing escalation of behavior. By saying "Tell me what's going on," the nurse acknowledges the client's emotions and creates a safe space for them to talk. Option B threatens restraint, likely increasing tension. Option C may come off as confrontational. Option D distracts from the immediate need for the client to process their feelings.

The signs and symptoms of schizophrenia must be present for at least _____ months before a diagnostic label is assigned.

  • A. 3
  • B. 6
  • C. 12
  • D. 18
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C (12 months) because the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) requires symptoms to be present for at least 6 months before a diagnosis of schizophrenia can be made. This prolonged duration helps ensure that the symptoms are not due to temporary factors. Therefore, option C is the most appropriate choice. Options A (3 months), B (6 months), and D (18 months) do not align with the established diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia.

An adult seeks treatment for urges involving sexual contact with children. The adult has not acted on these urges but feels shame. Which finding best indicates that this adult is making progress in treatment? The adult

  • A. consistently avoids schools and shops at malls only during school hours.
  • B. indicates sexual drive and enjoyment from sex have decreased.
  • C. reports an active and satisfying sex life with an adult partner.
  • D. volunteers to become a scout troop leader.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because the adult is demonstrating a proactive approach by avoiding situations where they may be tempted to act on their urges, showing an understanding of their triggers and a commitment to prevention. Choice B may indicate progress, but it does not directly address the urge towards children. Choice C, while positive, does not address the issue of pedophilic urges. Choice D is concerning as it places the individual in close proximity to potential victims.

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