Nokea
A patient, age 27, sustained thermal burns to 18% of her body surface area. After the first 72 hours, the nurse will have to observe for which most common cause of burn-related deaths?
- A. shock.
- B. respiratory arrest.
- C. hemorrhage.
- D. infection.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Infection is the most common complication and cause of death after the first 72 hours. Shock, due to hypovolemia is most common during the emergent phase of the burn injury. Respiratory arrest and hemorrhage are not common causes of death.
You may also like to solve these questions
Which may indicate a malignant melanoma in a nevus on a patient's arm?
- A. Even coloring of the mole
- B. Decrease in size of the mole
- C. Irregular border of the mole
- D. Symmetry of the mole
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Any change in color, size, or texture and any bleeding or pruritus of a nevus deserves investigation. A malignant melanoma is a cancerous neoplasm in which pigment cells or melanocytes invade the epidermis, dermis, and sometimes the subcutaneous tissue.
A child has been sent to the school nurse with pruritus and honey-colored crusts on the lower lip and chin. The nurse believes these lesions most likely are caused by which condition?
- A. chickenpox.
- B. impetigo.
- C. shingles.
- D. herpes simplex type I.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Impetigo is seen at all ages but is particularly common in children. The crust is honey-colored and easily removed and is associated with pruritus. The disease is highly contagious and spreads by contact. Chickenpox and shingles are characterized by vesicles and are not honey-colored. Herpes simplex type I is also known as 'cold sores' or 'fever blisters'. Lesions are generally located around and in the mouth.
The nurse arrives to the scene of a house fire. A victim is running out of the house, with flames on the arms. Which is the nurse's first action?
- A. Transport victim to hospital.
- B. Cover victim with clean cloth or sheet.
- C. Stop, drop, and roll.
- D. Remove all nonadherent clothing and jewelry.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The primary concern is to stop the burning process, arrest skin damage, provide an open airway, control any bleeding, prevent infection by covering with a clean cloth, and obtain medical help by transporting to the nearest hospital.
A patient, age 37, sustained partial- and full-thickness burns to 26% of the body surface area. When would the greatest fluid loss resulting from the burns occur?
- A. Within 12 hours after burn trauma
- B. 24 to 36 hours after burn trauma
- C. 36 to 48 hours after burn trauma
- D. 48 to 72 hours after burn trauma
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In a burn injury, usually the greatest fluid loss occurs within the first 12 hours.
The three major glands of the skin are sudoriferous, ceruminous, and
- A. sebaceous
Correct Answer: sebaceous
Rationale: Sudoriferous glands-sweat glands open into pores on the skin surface and excrete sweat. Ceruminous glands-secrete a waxlike substance called cerumen and are located in the external ear canal. Sebaceous glands-secrete their substance, sebum (an oily secretion), through the hair follicles distributed on the body.