Nokea
A patient asks the nurse why an infection in his upper respiratory system is affecting the clarity of his speech. Which structure serves as the patient's resonating chamber in speech?
- A. Trachea
- B. Pharynx
- C. Paranasal sinuses
- D. Larynx
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: The paranasal sinuses act as resonating chambers in speech production due to their location near the nasal cavity and their ability to amplify sound vibrations. When infected, the sinuses can become inflamed, affecting speech clarity. The trachea (A) is a passageway for air, not involved in speech. The pharynx (B) is a common pathway for both air and food, not a resonating chamber. The larynx (D) contains the vocal cords for sound production but is not primarily responsible for speech resonance.
You may also like to solve these questions
The 75-year-old patient asks the nurse if the Pneumovax immunization he took when he was 65 is still protecting him. Which reply is most accurate?
- A. Pneumovax protects you for your lifetime.
- B. Immunity afforded you by Pneumovax lasts only 2 years.
- C. Pneumovax protection varies according to your risk factors and living situation.
- D. After 6 years, you need a repeat dose of Pneumovax for full immunity.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step 1: Pneumovax is recommended for adults aged 65 and older.
Step 2: Immunity from Pneumovax decreases over time.
Step 3: CDC recommends a second dose of Pneumovax after 5 years for those at highest risk.
Step 4: Answer D is correct as it aligns with CDC guidelines for revaccination.
Step 5: Other choices are incorrect as they do not reflect current recommendations or scientific evidence.
A male patient is admitted to the healthcare facility for treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Which nursing diagnosis is most important for this patient?
- A. Activity intolerance related to fatigue.
- B. Anxiety related to actual threat to health status.
- C. Risk for infection related to retained secretions.
- D. Impaired gas exchange related to airflow obstruction.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Impaired gas exchange related to airflow obstruction. This is the most important nursing diagnosis for a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease because impaired gas exchange directly impacts the patient's ability to breathe and obtain oxygen. Addressing this issue is crucial in managing the patient's condition and preventing further complications.
A: Activity intolerance related to fatigue may be a concern for the patient, but it is secondary to the primary issue of impaired gas exchange.
B: Anxiety related to actual threat to health status is important to address, but it is not the most critical nursing diagnosis for this patient.
C: Risk for infection related to retained secretions is a valid concern, but it is not as immediate and directly life-threatening as impaired gas exchange in a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
A nurse is suctioning fluids from a female client through an endotracheal tube. During the suctioning procedure, the nurse notes on the monitor that the heart rate is decreasing. Which if the following is the appropriate nursing intervention?
- A. Continue to suction.
- B. Notify the physician immediately.
- C. Stop the procedure and reoxygenate the client.
- D. Ensure that the suction is limited to 15 seconds.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Stop the procedure and reoxygenate the client. When the nurse notes a decreasing heart rate during suctioning, it could indicate that the client is experiencing hypoxia. Stopping the procedure and providing additional oxygenation is crucial to prevent further complications such as bradycardia or cardiac arrest. Continuing to suction (choice A) can worsen the hypoxia. Notifying the physician immediately (choice B) may cause a delay in addressing the immediate issue. Limiting suction to 15 seconds (choice D) does not address the primary concern of hypoxia and decreasing heart rate.
Alveolar ventilation in a male with a respiratory rate of 10/min and tidal volume of 600 ml is
- A. 1000ml
- B. 1750 ml
- C. 3000ml
- D. 4500ml
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: 4500ml. Alveolar ventilation is calculated by multiplying tidal volume by respiratory rate. In this case, 600ml (tidal volume) x 10/min (respiratory rate) = 6000ml/min. However, we need to consider dead space ventilation, which is about 150ml. Therefore, the final alveolar ventilation is 6000ml/min - 150ml = 5850ml/min. Since the question asks for alveolar ventilation per minute, the correct answer is the closest option, which is D: 4500ml.
Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not accurately reflect the calculation of alveolar ventilation based on the provided respiratory rate, tidal volume, and dead space ventilation.
Spirometry can measure all except
- A. IC
- B. ERV
- C. FRC
- D. Vital capacity
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Spirometry measures lung volumes and capacities. Functional Residual Capacity (FRC) is the volume of air left in the lungs after a normal exhalation, which cannot be directly measured by spirometry. Therefore, C is correct. IC (Inspiratory Capacity) is the maximum volume of air that can be inhaled after a normal exhalation, ERV (Expiratory Reserve Volume) is the additional volume of air that can be exhaled after a normal exhalation, and Vital Capacity is the total volume of air that can be exhaled after a maximum inhalation, all of which can be measured using spirometry.