Nokea
A patient diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is scheduled for plasmapheresis. Which of the following pathophysiological events should the nurse plan to teach the patient about this procedure?
- A. It eliminates eosinophils and basophils from blood
- B. It removes antibody-antigen complexes from circulation
- C. It prevents foreign antibodies from damaging various body tissues.
- D. It decreases the damage to organs caused by attacking T-lymphocytes.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Plasmapheresis is used in SLE to remove antibodies, antibody-antigen complexes, and complement from blood. T-lymphocytes, foreign antibodies, eosinophils, and basophils do not contribute to the tissue damage in SLE.
You may also like to solve these questions
The nurse is caring for a patient who receives weekly immunotherapy and has missed the previous appointment. Which of the following actions should the nurse implement when the patient comes for the next injection?
- A. Schedule an additional dose that week.
- B. Administer the usual dosage of the allergen.
- C. Consult with the health care provider about giving a lower allergen dose.
- D. Re-evaluate the patient's sensitivity to the allergen with a repeat skin test.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Because there is an increased risk for adverse reactions after a patient misses a scheduled dose of allergen, the nurse should check with the health care provider before administration of the injection. A skin test is used to identify the allergen and would not be used at this time. An additional dose for the week may increase the risk for a reaction.
Which of the following antibodies is involved with an anaphylactic reaction?
- A. IgE
- B. IgA
- C. IgM
- D. IgG
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Serum IgE causes the symptoms of allergic reactions and is the antibody involved with an anaphylactic reaction.
The nurse is caring for a patient who has experienced Goodpasture's syndrome. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse be aware of?
- A. Thrombocytopenia
- B. Leukopenia
- C. Angioedema
- D. Pulmonary hemorrhage
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Goodpasture's syndrome is a rare disorder involving the lungs and the kidneys. An antibody-mediated autoimmune reaction occurs involving the glomerular and alveolar basement membranes. The circulating antibodies combine with tissue antigen to activate the complement system which causes deposits of IgG to form along the basement membranes of the lungs or the kidneys. This reaction may result in pulmonary hemorrhage and glomerulonephritis.
The nurse is teaching a patient on immunosuppressant therapy after a kidney transplant about the post-transplant drug regimen. Which of the following statements by the patient should alert the nurse that additional teaching is required?
- A. If I develop an acute rejection episode, I will need to have other types of drugs given IV.'
- B. I need to be monitored closely because I have a greater chance of developing malignant tumours.'
- C. After a couple of years, it is likely that I will be able to stop taking the calcineurin inhibitor.'
- D. The drugs are given in combination because they inhibit different aspects of transplant rejection.'
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The calcineurin inhibitor will need to be continued for life. The other patient statements are accurate and indicate that no further teaching is necessary about those topics.
The nurse is caring for a patient in the outpatient clinic who has an immune deficiency involving the T-lymphocytes. Which of the following areas should the nurse teach the patient about the need for more frequent screening?
- A. Allergies
- B. Malignancy
- C. Antibody deficiency
- D. Autoimmune disorders
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cell-mediated immunity is responsible for the recognition and destruction of cancer cells. Allergic reactions, autoimmune disorders, and antibody deficiencies are mediated primarily by humoral immunity.