Nokea
Which information about a patient who is receiving immunotherapy and has just received an allergen injection is most important to communicate to the health care provider?
- A. The patient's IgG level is increased.
- B. The injection site is red and swollen.
- C. The patient's allergy symptoms have not improved.
- D. There is a 3-cm wheal at the site of the allergen injection.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A local reaction larger than quarter size may indicate that a decrease in the allergen dose is needed. An increase in IgG indicates that the therapy is effective. Redness and swelling at the site are not unusual. Because immunotherapy usually takes 1-2 years to achieve an effect, an improvement in the patient's symptoms is not expected after a few months.
You may also like to solve these questions
After being stung by a wasp, a patient is brought to the clinic by a coworker. Upon arrival the patient is anxious and having difficulty breathing. Which of the following actions is priority for the nurse to implement?
- A. Have the patient lie down.
- B. Assess the patient's airway.
- C. Administer high-flow oxygen.
- D. Remove the stinger from the site.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The initial action with any patient with difficulty breathing is to assess and maintain the airway. The other actions also are part of the emergency management protocol for anaphylaxis, but the priority is airway maintenance.
Which of the following adverse reactions should the nurse monitor when a patient is undergoing plasmapheresis?
- A. Shortness of breath
- B. High blood pressure
- C. Transfusion reactions
- D. Hypotension and paresthesia
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hypotension and paresthesia may occur as the result of plasmapheresis. Citrate is used as an anticoagulant and may cause hypocalcemia, which may manifest as headache, paresthesias, and dizziness. The other clinical manifestations are not associated with plasmapheresis.
Which of the following antibodies is involved with an anaphylactic reaction?
- A. IgE
- B. IgA
- C. IgM
- D. IgG
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Serum IgE causes the symptoms of allergic reactions and is the antibody involved with an anaphylactic reaction.
The nurse encourages a new mother to breastfeed her infant, even for a short time, because colostrum will provide the infant with which of the following types of immunity?
- A. Innate
- B. Active
- C. Passive
- D. Cell-mediated
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Colostrum provides passive immunity through antibodies from the mother; these antibodies protect the infant for a few months. However, memory cells are not retained, so the protection is not permanent. Innate immunity is present at birth and occurs without exposure to an antigen. Active immunity requires that the infant manufacture antibodies after exposure to an antigen. Cell-mediated immunity is acquired through T-lymphocytes and is a form of active immunity.
Which information about patient and donor tissue typing results for a patient who needs a kidney transplant is most important for the nurse to communicate to the health care provider?
- A. Patient is Rh positive and donor is Rh negative.
- B. Six antigen matches are present in HLA typing.
- C. Results of patient-donor crossmatching are positive.
- D. Panel of reactive antibodies (PRA) percentage is low.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Positive crossmatching is an absolute contraindication to kidney transplantation, since hyperacute rejection will occur after the transplant. The other information indicates that the tissue match between the patient and potential donor is acceptable.