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A patient expresses frustration with the long wait times in the healthcare facility. What is the nurse's best response?
- A. Dismiss the patient's frustration and assure them that wait times are unavoidable.
- B. Listen actively to the patient's concerns, acknowledge the inconvenience, and offer support.
- C. Ignore the patient's frustration and proceed with providing care.
- D. Tell the patient that their frustration is unwarranted and unnecessary.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse's best response in this situation is to listen actively to the patient's concerns, acknowledge the inconvenience they are experiencing, and offer support. It is essential to validate the patient's feelings and show empathy towards their frustration. By actively listening and addressing the patient's concerns, the nurse can help alleviate some of their frustration and build a positive rapport with the patient. This approach demonstrates respect for the patient's feelings and promotes effective communication in the healthcare setting. Dismissing or ignoring the patient's frustration can lead to further dissatisfaction and impact the quality of care provided.
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In one of your meetings, you reminded the health center staff that there are quite a number of members in the community who have not reached primary school. Which of the following is the BEST communication intervention for a client who is illiterate?
- A. Use of symbols and images
- B. Personalize speech by using first name
- C. Use touch with speech
- D. Speak loudly and clearly
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Illiterate clients may have difficulty understanding spoken or written information. Using symbols and images can help convey important messages and instructions in a visual way that can be easily understood without relying on literacy skills. This communication intervention is effective in ensuring that the client understands the information being provided, promoting better adherence to treatment plans and overall health outcomes.
Which of the following structures is responsible for propelling food from the oral cavity to the stomach through coordinated muscular contractions?
- A. Tongue
- B. Pharynx
- C. Esophagus
- D. Epiglottis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The esophagus is responsible for propelling food from the oral cavity to the stomach through a series of coordinated muscular contractions. These contractions are known as peristalsis. The esophagus is a muscular tube connecting the throat (pharynx) to the stomach and plays a crucial role in moving food bolus from the mouth to the stomach for digestion. The tongue helps in the chewing and swallowing of food, the pharynx is involved in the passage of food and air, and the epiglottis helps prevent food from entering the airways during swallowing. However, it is the esophagus that actively moves the food to the stomach.
When communicating with a patient who is experiencing delirium, what is the nurse's priority?
- A. Use complex language to explain the patient's condition.
- B. Provide clear and simple explanations to minimize confusion.
- C. Ignore the patient's confusion and proceed with the conversation.
- D. Speak loudly to ensure the patient can hear.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When communicating with a patient experiencing delirium, the nurse's priority is to provide clear and simple explanations to minimize confusion. Delirium can cause disorientation, confusion, and impaired cognitive function, making it difficult for the patient to understand complex information. Using simple language and clear explanations can help the patient better comprehend the situation and reduce anxiety. It is essential for the nurse to speak calmly, use reassuring gestures, and maintain a supportive presence to effectively communicate with a delirious patient. This approach can help establish a sense of trust and foster a therapeutic nurse-patient relationship during the challenging experience of delirium.
A patient presents with fever, chills, headache, and myalgia after returning from a camping trip. Laboratory tests reveal thrombocytopenia and leukopenia. Which of the following is the most likely causative agent?
- A. Plasmodium falciparum
- B. Trypanosoma cruzi
- C. Borrelia burgdorferi
- D. Leishmania donovani
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The most likely causative agent in this scenario is Plasmodium falciparum, which is the parasite that causes malaria. The symptoms of fever, chills, headache, and myalgia following a camping trip are highly suggestive of malaria, especially if the patient has thrombocytopenia and leukopenia. Plasmodium falciparum is known to cause severe malaria with complications such as thrombocytopenia and leukopenia. The other options, Trypanosoma cruzi, Borrelia burgdorferi, and Leishmania donovani, do not typically present with all of the symptoms described and are not associated with the laboratory findings of thrombocytopenia and leukopenia.
As a QA nurse, which of the following can Nurse Jen adopts as a concurrent evaluation of patient's outcomes in the unit? I Direct observation of patient's condition. II Patient's interview in the unit. III Face to face interview with nursing staff. IV Nursing audit from the patient's chart.
- A. III & IV
- B. I, II, III, & IV
- C. I, II, & I
- D. I & II
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: As a QA nurse, Nurse Jen can adopt concurrent evaluation methods to assess patient outcomes in the unit. The most appropriate options for concurrent evaluation are Face to face interview with nursing staff (III) and Nursing audit from the patient's chart (IV).