Nokea
A patient has a new prescription for an antiglaucoma eyedrop. The next day, she calls the clinic and states, 'The package insert says this medication might make my blue eyes turn brown! Is this true?' The nurse realizes that the patient has a prescription for which eye medication?
- A. Latanoprost, a prostaglandin agonist
- B. Dorzolamide, an ocular carbonic anhydrase inhibitor
- C. Betaxolol, a direct-acting beta blocker
- D. Pilocarpine, a direct-acting cholinergic
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: There is one unique adverse effect associated with all prostaglandin agonists"in some people with hazel, green, or bluish-brown eye color, eye color will turn permanently brown, even if the medication is discontinued. This adverse effect appears to be cosmetic only, with no known ill effects on the eye. The other medications do not have this effect.
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A patient is about to undergo ocular surgery. The preoperative nurse anticipates that which drug will be used for local anesthesia?
- A. Oral glycerin
- B. Proparacaine eye drops
- C. Timolol eye drops
- D. Dipivefrin eye drops
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Proparacaine and tetracaine are used as a local anesthetic for ocular surgery or other procedures. The other drugs are used for glaucoma.
The nurse will be giving ophthalmic drugs to a patient with glaucoma. Which drug is given intravenously to reduce intraocular pressure when other medications are not successful?
- A. Tobramycin
- B. Bacitracin
- C. Mannitol
- D. Ketorolac
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Drugs used to reduce intraocular pressure include osmotic diuretics such as mannitol, which is given intravenously. Tobramycin and bacitracin are antibiotics; ketorolac has anti-inflammatory actions.
When teaching a patient about the proper application of eyedrops, the nurse will include which instruction?
- A. Apply the drops into the conjunctival sac instead of directly onto the eye.
- B. Apply the drops directly to the eyeball (cornea) for the best effect.
- C. Blot your eye with a tissue immediately after applying the drops.
- D. Tilt your head forward before applying the eyedrops.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: All ophthalmic drugs should be administered in the conjunctival sac. Gently use a tissue to remove excess eye medication"do not blot the eye after giving the medication. Tilt the head back before giving the eyedrops.
A patient is receiving ocular cyclosporine and also has an order for an artificial tears product. The nurse includes which instructions in the teaching plan for these medications?
- A. These two eye drugs cannot be given together. Let's check with your prescriber.
- B. You may take these two drugs together at the same time.
- C. First take the artificial tears, and then take the cyclosporine drops after 5 minutes.
- D. Take the cyclosporine drops first, and then wait 15 minutes before taking the artificial tears.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cyclosporine (Restasis) can be used together with artificial tears if the drugs are given 15 minutes apart. The other options are incorrect.
The nurse is administering antibiotic eyedrops to a patient for the first time. After the first drop is given, the patient states, 'That eyedrop is making my eye sting! Is that normal?' Which is the best response by the nurse?
- A. That is unusual. Let me rinse the medication from your eye.
- B. Sometimes these eyedrops may cause burning and stinging, but it should go away soon.
- C. These may be serious side effects, so I will notify your doctor before the next dose is due.
- D. Let's wait and see if these effects happen the next time you receive these drops.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ocular antibiotics may cause local inflammation, burning, stinging, urticaria, and dermatitis. These effects are transient. The other options are incorrect.