Nokea
The nurse is reviewing the medical record of a patient and notes an order for ophthalmic dexamethasone (Decadron) solution. The nurse knows that indications for ophthalmic dexamethasone include which conditions? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Uveitis
- B. Allergic conditions
- C. Removal of foreign bodies
- D. Ocular infections
- E. Glaucoma
- F. Conjunctival inflammation
Correct Answer: A,B,C,F
Rationale: Dexamethasone (Decadron) is used to treat inflammation of the eye, eyelids, conjunctiva, and cornea, and it may also be used in the treatment of uveitis, iridocyclitis, allergic conditions, and burns and in the removal of foreign bodies. It is not indicated for infections or glaucoma.
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A patient with an eye injury requires an ocular examination to detect the presence of a foreign body. The nurse anticipates that which drug will be used for this examination?
- A. Phenylephrine
- B. Fluorescein sodium
- C. Atropine sulfate
- D. Olopatadine
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Fluorescein sodium is an ophthalmic diagnostic dye used to identify corneal defects and to locate foreign objects in the eye. Phenylephrine is an ocular decongestant; atropine sulfate has mydriatic and cycloplegic effects, which are useful for examining the inner eye structures; olopatadine is an ophthalmic antihistamine.
A patient is about to undergo ocular surgery. The preoperative nurse anticipates that which drug will be used for local anesthesia?
- A. Oral glycerin
- B. Proparacaine eye drops
- C. Timolol eye drops
- D. Dipivefrin eye drops
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Proparacaine and tetracaine are used as a local anesthetic for ocular surgery or other procedures. The other drugs are used for glaucoma.
The nurse is reviewing the use of ophthalmic preparations. Indications for the direct- and indirect-acting miotics include which condition?
- A. Cataracts
- B. Removal of foreign bodies
- C. Open-angle glaucoma
- D. Ocular infections
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Indications for the direct- and indirect-acting miotics include open-angle glaucoma, angle-closure glaucoma, ocular surgery, and convergent strabismus.
A patient is receiving ocular cyclosporine and also has an order for an artificial tears product. The nurse includes which instructions in the teaching plan for these medications?
- A. These two eye drugs cannot be given together. Let's check with your prescriber.
- B. You may take these two drugs together at the same time.
- C. First take the artificial tears, and then take the cyclosporine drops after 5 minutes.
- D. Take the cyclosporine drops first, and then wait 15 minutes before taking the artificial tears.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cyclosporine (Restasis) can be used together with artificial tears if the drugs are given 15 minutes apart. The other options are incorrect.
The nurse will be giving ophthalmic drugs to a patient with glaucoma. Which drug is given intravenously to reduce intraocular pressure when other medications are not successful?
- A. Tobramycin
- B. Bacitracin
- C. Mannitol
- D. Ketorolac
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Drugs used to reduce intraocular pressure include osmotic diuretics such as mannitol, which is given intravenously. Tobramycin and bacitracin are antibiotics; ketorolac has anti-inflammatory actions.