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A patient has an order for silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene) cream to be applied liberally to a burn on the forearm. How will you administer this medication?
- A. Use a tongue depressor to apply a thick coat of medication to the arm.
- B. Use a cotton-tipped applicator to apply a thin covering of medication to the arm.
- C. Place the tip of the medication tube against the burn and squeeze the tube until the burn is covered with the medication.
- D. Apply a thin coat of medication onto a gauze 4x4 and place it over the burn.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Silver sulfadiazine is applied liberally in a thick layer using a sterile tool like a tongue depressor to promote healing and prevent infection.
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If an enteric-coated tablet was crushed and administered through a PEG tube, what would be the result?
- A. The patient would get too much medication at one time, causing an overdose.
- B. The patient would not get the desired effect from the medication because of contact with stomach acid.
- C. The patient would experience gastric irritation because the tablets are not designed to dissolve until they reach the intestines.
- D. The patient would still get the desired effects from the medication with no increase in ill effects.
Correct Answer: B,C
Rationale: Enteric-coated tablets are designed to dissolve in the intestines, not the stomach. Crushing them exposes the medication to stomach acid, which may inactivate it (B) and cause gastric irritation (C).
Why is it necessary to flush a feeding tube with 30 to 60 mL of water before and 20 to 30 mL after administration of medications?
- A. To prevent interactions of medications with the formula in the tube
- B. To give the patient some much-needed fluid intake
- C. To prevent adherence of the drug to the tube
- D. To ensure fluid and electrolyte balance is maintained
- E. To prevent clogging of the tube
Correct Answer: A,C,E
Rationale: Flushing prevents medication interactions with formula (A), adherence to the tube (C), and clogging (E). Fluid intake (B) and electrolyte balance (D) are not primary reasons.
Which medication would be administered via the nasal route?
- A. Guaifenesin (Mucinex)
- B. Nicotine (Nicotrol)
- C. Timolol (Timoptic)
- D. Calcitonin (Miacalcin)
- E. Steroids (Rhinocort)
Correct Answer: B,D,E
Rationale: Nicotine (Nicotrol), calcitonin (Miacalcin), and steroids (Rhinocort) are nasal medications. Guaifenesin is oral, and timolol is ophthalmic.
To administer an eye drop, you will place the drop in the
- A. Inner canthus of the eye.
- B. Outer canthus of the eye.
- C. Middle part of the lower conjunctival sac.
- D. Middle of the eye, directly onto the pupil.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Placing eye drops in the lower conjunctival sac ensures proper absorption and minimizes discomfort or corneal damage.
Which of the following will you include when teaching the mother of a 2-year-old how to administer ear drops?
- A. Pull the pinna up and back to straighten the ear canal.
- B. Pull the pinna down and back to straighten the ear canal.
- C. Aim the dropper so the drop rolls down the wall of the canal.
- D. Avoid touching the dropper to the ear to prevent pathogens from entering the bottle of medication.
- E. Have the child remain in position with the affected ear up for at least 10 minutes.
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: For children under 3, pull the pinna down and back (B). Drops should roll down the canal wall (C), and avoid touching the dropper to prevent contamination (D). Remaining in position for 10 minutes (E) is excessive.