health assessment in nursing test bank

health assessment in nursing test bank Related

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A patient has been diagnosed with schizophrenia. During a recent interview, he shows the nurse a picture of a man holding a decapitated head. He describes this picture as horrifying but laughs loudly when looking at it. This behaviour is a display of:

  • A. Confusion.
  • B. Ambivalence.
  • C. Depersonalization.
  • D. Inappropriate affect.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Inappropriate affect. Inappropriate affect refers to emotions that are not congruent with the situation. In this case, the patient's laughing while describing a horrifying image indicates a disconnect between his emotions and the context. This behavior is commonly seen in schizophrenia, where there is a lack of appropriate emotional response.

A: Confusion does not accurately describe the patient's behavior, as he is able to describe the picture and his emotional response to it.
B: Ambivalence refers to conflicting emotions or attitudes, which is not evident in the patient's behavior.
C: Depersonalization involves feeling detached from oneself or reality, which is not evident in the patient's behavior.

In summary, the patient's inappropriate laughter in response to a horrifying image is indicative of inappropriate affect, a common feature of schizophrenia.

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A nurse preparing to conduct a prenatal class is aware that which of the following groups is at highest risk for infant mortality?

  • A. European Canadians
  • B. Asian Canadians
  • C. African Canadians
  • D. First Nations people
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: First Nations people. First Nations people in Canada have historically faced systemic barriers to healthcare, leading to higher rates of infant mortality compared to other groups. This includes socio-economic factors, access to quality healthcare, and cultural differences impacting healthcare practices. European Canadians, Asian Canadians, and African Canadians do not face the same level of disparities and risk factors contributing to infant mortality rates as First Nations people. It is essential for healthcare providers to understand these disparities to address the health needs of First Nations communities effectively.

The nurse is conducting a health interview with a patient named Salil. There is a language barrier, and no interpreter is available. Which of the following is the best example of an appropriate question for the nurse to ask in this situation?

  • A. "Does Salil take medicine?"
  • B. "Do you sterilize the bottles?"
  • C. "Do you have nausea and vomiting?"
  • D. "He has been taking his medicine, hasn't he?"
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: "Does Salil take medicine?" This is the best question because it is simple, direct, and focuses on gathering important medical information. It is clear and easy to understand even with a language barrier. Choice B is irrelevant and not related to the patient's health status. Choice C assumes symptoms without context. Choice D is inappropriate as it refers to the patient in the third person and includes a leading statement. Asking about medication directly is the most appropriate approach in this scenario.

Canada's population as a whole is aging, and for the first time in Canadian history, which age group has exceeded that of people aged 15 to 24?

  • A. Under 15 years of age
  • B. 35"“44 years
  • C. 55"“64 years
  • D. Over 65 years
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 55-64 years. This age group has exceeded that of people aged 15-24 due to factors like increased life expectancy, lower birth rates, and the aging baby boomer population. This demographic shift impacts workforce, healthcare, and social services. Choice A is incorrect as it represents the youngest age group. Choice B is incorrect as it falls within the working-age group. Choice D is incorrect as it represents the elderly population, which is still lower than the 55-64 age group in this context.

A nurse is providing education to a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The nurse should prioritize which of the following lifestyle changes?

  • A. Quitting smoking.
  • B. Increasing fluid intake.
  • C. Increasing physical activity.
  • D. Taking over-the-counter cold medications.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Quitting smoking. Smoking is the most important lifestyle change for a patient with COPD as it is the primary cause of the disease and continues to worsen symptoms. Quitting smoking can slow down the progression of COPD, decrease exacerbations, and improve overall lung function.

Summary of other choices:
B: Increasing fluid intake - While staying hydrated is important for overall health, it is not the top priority for a patient with COPD.
C: Increasing physical activity - Exercise is beneficial for COPD patients, but quitting smoking takes precedence as it directly impacts the disease progression.
D: Taking over-the-counter cold medications - Cold medications may provide temporary relief for symptoms, but they do not address the underlying cause of COPD which is smoking.

Which of the following statements best describes the purpose of a health history?

  • A. To provide an opportunity for interaction between patient and nurse
  • B. To provide a form for obtaining the patient's biographical information
  • C. To document the normal and abnormal findings of a physical assessment
  • D. To provide a database of subjective information about the patient's past and current health
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because a health history aims to gather subjective information about a patient's past and current health. It helps in understanding the patient's health concerns, medical history, lifestyle factors, and other relevant information. By collecting this data, healthcare providers can make informed decisions regarding the patient's care. Option A is incorrect as the purpose is more than just interaction. Option B is incorrect as it focuses solely on biographical information. Option C is incorrect as it pertains to physical assessment findings, not subjective health information.

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