Questions to Ask About Neurological System

Questions to Ask About Neurological System Related

Review Questions to Ask About Neurological System related questions and content

A patient has blindness related to a functional neurological (conversion) disorder. To help the patient eat, the nurse should:

  • A. establish a buddy system with other patients who can feed the patient at each meal.
  • B. expect the patient to feed himself or herself after explaining the arrangement of the food on the tray.
  • C. direct the patient to locate items on the tray independently and feed himself or herself unassisted.
  • D. address the needs of other patients in the dining room, and then feed this patient.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Correct Answer: B

Rationale:
1. Expecting the patient to feed himself/herself after explaining the arrangement of the food on the tray promotes independence and autonomy.
2. It respects the patient's capabilities and encourages self-reliance, which is important for rehabilitation in functional neurological disorders.
3. Providing clear instructions can help the patient navigate the task despite the blindness, fostering a sense of accomplishment.
4. This approach aligns with patient-centered care principles, prioritizing the patient's dignity and self-care abilities.

Summary of other choices:
A. Establishing a buddy system may not address the patient's need for independence and could potentially undermine their self-esteem.
C. Directing the patient to locate items independently may not be practical or safe given the blindness, and it may lead to frustration.
D. Neglecting the patient's needs in favor of others is not in line with providing individualized care and could compromise patient outcomes.

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When the individual is be unable to recognise everyday objects and name them correctly, this is known as

  • A. Prosopagnosia
  • B. Anomia
  • C. Agnosia
  • D. Aphosonomia
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Agnosia is a neurological condition characterized by the inability to recognize or identify objects, people, sounds, or shapes, despite having intact sensory abilities. This condition arises from damage to specific areas of the brain responsible for processing sensory information. Agnosia can manifest in various forms, such as visual agnosia (inability to recognize objects) or auditory agnosia (inability to recognize sounds).

The following muscles are supplied by posterior rami of spinal nerves EXCEPT

  • A. Erector spinae
  • B. Levator costae
  • C. Splenius
  • D. Scalene posterior
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The scalene muscles are innervated by the anterior rami of cervical spinal nerves, not the posterior rami. The posterior rami supply intrinsic back muscles like the erector spinae.

The nurse is assisting a neurologist with assessment of a patient with facial muscle weakness. When the neurologist asks the patient to identify different odors, which nerve is being tested?

  • A. II (optic)
  • B. X (vagus)
  • C. I (olfactory)
  • D. VIII (acoustic)
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Cranial nerve I (olfactory) is responsible for the sense of smell and is tested when a patient is asked to identify odors. Cranial nerves II, VIII, and X are involved in vision, hearing, and autonomic functions, respectively. Assessing the olfactory nerve is important for evaluating cranial nerve function.

The tiny space between neurons or a neuron and its target muscle is the:

  • A. dendrite
  • B. axon
  • C. neuron cell body
  • D. synapse
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The synapse is the tiny gap between neurons or between a neuron and its target cell, such as a muscle. It is the site where neurotransmitters are released to transmit signals from one cell to another. When an action potential reaches the axon terminal, neurotransmitters are released into the synapse and bind to receptors on the postsynaptic cell, triggering a response. The synapse is crucial for communication within the nervous system.

The following are true about spectral sensitivity of the retina:

  • A. in scotopic conditions, the peak sensitivity of the eye is near 500 nm
  • B. under photopic conditions the peak sensitivity is near 555 nm
  • C. in the presence of a bright yellow steady background light the retina has a peak sensitivity near 440 nm to a 25-Hz stimulus
  • D. all above
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Scotopic sensitivity peaks at 500 nm, photopic at 555 nm, and a yellow background shifts sensitivity to 440 nm for a 25-Hz stimulus. All statements are correct.

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