Nokea
A patient has had his hand and part of his forearm amputated due to a traumatic injury. What would be the result if he refused to have his stump wrapped continuously with an elastic bandage or wear a compression sock?
- A. The incision on the end of the stump will not heal
- B. There will be excessive bruising and swelling of the stump
- C. The stump will not heal in a shape to fit inside the prosthesis well
- D. He can wait a few weeks after surgery before wrapping the stump or wearing the compression sock
Correct Answer: B,C
Rationale: Without compression, the stump may swell excessively and heal in a shape unsuitable for a prosthesis.
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The purpose of the CPM machine is to provide:
- A. active abduction and adduction
- B. active range of motion to all joints
- C. passive flexion and extension
- D. passive internal and external rotation
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A CPM machine provides passive flexion and extension to promote joint mobility without active patient effort.
A patient is in skeletal traction for a comminuted fracture of the tibia. While giving pin care, you notice a small amount of serous drainage around each pin site. Which observation is most accurate?
- A. The drainage is a symptom of skin infection
- B. This finding is normal for skeletal traction
- C. This is an indication of pin dislocation
- D. The drainage is an indication of a bone infection
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A small amount of serous drainage is normal around pin sites in skeletal traction, as long as there are no signs of infection.
Which surfaces are replaced when a patient has a total hip replacement?
- A. The articular surfaces of the femur and the tibia
- B. The posterior surface of the patella and the tibia
- C. The acetabular cup and head of the tibia and fibula
- D. The head and neck of the femur and the acetabular cup
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Total hip replacement involves replacing the femoral head and neck and the acetabular cup in the pelvis.
A patient comes into the clinic with his arm in a cast. You notice a small amount of thick, light yellow drainage coming from under the cast, and it has an unpleasant odor. There is no drainage staining the cast, and no open areas of skin are visible at the edge of the cast. Which question is most appropriate to ask this patient?
- A. Have you inserted anything under the cast to scratch your arm?
- B. Have you had an upper respiratory infection recently?
- C. Do you have a skin rash anywhere on your body?
- D. Is the edge of the cast irritating your skin?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Inserting objects under a cast can cause skin breakdown and infection, which may explain the drainage and odor.
Which is (are) true of chemical regulation of respirations?
- A. Chemoreceptors are located in the carotid and aorta and the brain
- B. The cerebellum is responsible for brain control of respirations
- C. The chemoreceptors in the brain cause an increase in the rate and depth of respirations in response to changes in blood pH
- D. If the carbon dioxide level is higher than normal in the blood, the blood becomes more acidic and the pH falls below 7.35
- E. If the oxygen level in the blood falls, this provides the stimulus to breathe in people who do not have chronic lung disease
- F. Chemoreceptors in the carotid and aorta respond to decreased oxygen in the blood and send the message to the medulla
Correct Answer: A,C,D,E,F
Rationale: These statements accurately describe the chemical regulation of respiration, involving chemoreceptors and responses to pH and oxygen levels.