Age Specific Nursing Care

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A patient has recently been under significant stress and worked long hours. At home, the patient watches television and eats until going to bed. The patient is too tired to exercise and has gained 25 pounds in 1 month. A desired outcome for the patient is to recognize anxiety that precedes binge eating and reduce it. Which intervention addresses the outcome?

  • A. Teach stress-reduction techniques such as relaxation and imagery.
  • B. Encourage the patient to design and implement an exercise program.
  • C. Explore ways in which the patient may feel more in control of the environment.
  • D. Encourage the patient to attend a support group such as Overeaters Anonymous.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Correct Answer: A

Rationale:
1. Teaching stress-reduction techniques (relaxation, imagery) helps patient identify anxiety triggers leading to binge eating.
2. By recognizing anxiety, patient can interrupt pattern of mindless eating and address root cause.
3. Relaxation techniques empower patient to cope effectively without turning to food.
4. Encouraging exercise (choice B) may not directly address underlying anxiety and binge eating triggers.
5. Exploring control over the environment (choice C) does not necessarily address emotional aspects of binge eating.
6. Attending a support group (choice D) may provide peer support but doesn't focus on recognizing and reducing anxiety triggers.

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What is the priority nursing intervention when caring for a patient with bulimia nervosa who has a history of purging?

  • A. Provide emotional support and assist with stress management.
  • B. Monitor vital signs and electrolyte levels closely.
  • C. Encourage the patient to exercise regularly to prevent weight gain.
  • D. Help the patient identify triggers for binge eating and purging behaviors.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because monitoring vital signs and electrolyte levels closely is crucial in managing a patient with bulimia nervosa who has a history of purging. Purging can lead to electrolyte imbalances and dehydration, which can have serious consequences such as cardiac arrhythmias and electrolyte disturbances. By closely monitoring vital signs and electrolyte levels, nurses can quickly identify and intervene in case of any abnormalities, preventing potential life-threatening complications.

Choice A is incorrect because emotional support and stress management are important but not the priority when dealing with physical complications from purging. Choice C is incorrect because encouraging exercise may exacerbate the patient's unhealthy behaviors and should be approached cautiously. Choice D is incorrect because identifying triggers is important but not as immediate as monitoring vital signs and electrolyte levels in this situation.

Because there is considerable overlap among the types of schizophrenia, and because patterns of behavior shift over time, many patients are simply classified as suffering from schizophrenia

  • A. borderline
  • B. atypical
  • C. mixed
  • D. undifferentiated
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Undifferentiated schizophrenia is diagnosed when symptoms don't clearly fit other subtypes, reflecting overlap and shifting patterns.

Which nursing strategy leads patients to respond more positively to limit setting?

  • A. Confront the patient with the inappropriateness of the behavior.
  • B. Explore with the patient the underlying dynamics of the behavior.
  • C. Reflect back to the patient an understanding of the patient's distress.
  • D. State clear disapproval of the behavior, and support its consequences.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because reflecting back to the patient an understanding of their distress shows empathy and validation, which can help build a therapeutic relationship and lead to a more positive response to limit setting. This approach acknowledges the patient's feelings without judgment, fostering trust and cooperation.

Choice A is incorrect as confrontation may lead to defensiveness and resistance. Choice B is incorrect as exploring underlying dynamics may not address the immediate need for setting limits. Choice D is incorrect as clear disapproval and consequences may create a negative, punitive atmosphere rather than promoting understanding and collaboration.

Which of the following is a common emotional response for patients with anorexia nervosa?

  • A. Fear of gaining weight and loss of control over eating.
  • B. Lack of concern about food intake and weight.
  • C. Excessive joy and pride in achieving weight loss.
  • D. Denial of the need for treatment and weight restoration.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because fear of gaining weight and loss of control over eating are core features of anorexia nervosa. Patients with anorexia often have an intense fear of gaining weight, leading to restrictive eating behaviors. This fear is accompanied by a sense of loss of control over their eating habits.

Choice B is incorrect because lack of concern about food intake and weight is not a common emotional response in anorexia nervosa. Choice C is incorrect as excessive joy and pride in achieving weight loss are more characteristic of other eating disorders like bulimia nervosa or orthorexia. Choice D is incorrect because denial of the need for treatment and weight restoration may be present in some cases but is not a common emotional response in anorexia nervosa.

Schizophrenia is most commonly found in

  • A. adolescents
  • B. young adults
  • C. the middle aged
  • D. the elderly
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Schizophrenia typically emerges in young adulthood, often in the late teens to early 20s.

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