Nokea
According to the map showing deaths resulting from poor air quality worldwide, which regions of the world have the poorest air quality?
- A. Brazil
- B. China
- C. Canada
- D. Australia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: China has some of the poorest air quality globally due to industrial pollution and urbanization, as shown in air quality death maps.
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Which nursing strategy leads patients to respond more positively to limit setting?
- A. Confront the patient with the inappropriateness of the behavior.
- B. Explore with the patient the underlying dynamics of the behavior.
- C. Reflect back to the patient an understanding of the patient's distress.
- D. State clear disapproval of the behavior, and support its consequences.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because reflecting back to the patient an understanding of their distress shows empathy and validation, which can help build a therapeutic relationship and lead to a more positive response to limit setting. This approach acknowledges the patient's feelings without judgment, fostering trust and cooperation.
Choice A is incorrect as confrontation may lead to defensiveness and resistance. Choice B is incorrect as exploring underlying dynamics may not address the immediate need for setting limits. Choice D is incorrect as clear disapproval and consequences may create a negative, punitive atmosphere rather than promoting understanding and collaboration.
A 91-year-old female client with dementia is being seen by the home health nurse. Both she and her husband, who is 92 years old, were very active until her dementia became debilitating. Since that time, the client does not recognize her husband or children, forgets how to eat and dress, and wanders about the house day and night. Her husband wants to keep her at home to care for her, but the nurse notices that he is increasingly tired with each visit. What is the nurse's priority intervention for the nursing diagnosis of caregiver role strain?
- A. Discuss strategies to coordinate care and other responsibilities
- B. Encourage involvement in support groups
- C. Identify resources to include financial, legal, and respite care
- D. Stress the importance of self-nurturing
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Discuss strategies to coordinate care and other responsibilities. The priority intervention for caregiver role strain is to help the husband effectively manage caring for his wife with dementia. By discussing strategies to coordinate care and other responsibilities, the nurse can assist the husband in creating a plan to ensure the client's needs are met while also addressing his own well-being. This intervention will help alleviate the husband's increasing tiredness and provide support in managing the caregiving responsibilities.
Summary of other choices:
B: Encourage involvement in support groups - While support groups can be beneficial, the immediate priority is to address the husband's caregiving responsibilities.
C: Identify resources to include financial, legal, and respite care - While important, these resources may not directly address the husband's current strain in caring for his wife.
D: Stress the importance of self-nurturing - While self-care is important, the immediate focus should be on assisting the husband in managing his caregiving responsibilities.
Which of these is a sign of delayed mental development in toddlers?
- A. Limited speech
- B. Preference for solo play
- C. Not walking by 12 months
- D. Dislike of loud noises
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Limited speech (A) by toddler age (e.g., few words by 2 years) may indicate delayed mental development, per milestones. Solo play (B) is normal, walking (C) is physical, and noise dislike (D) is sensory.
A type of delusion in which a patient claims that her genitals have disappeared without her knowledge is called
- A. Hypochondriacal
- B. Amorous
- C. Reference
- D. Nihilistic
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Nihilistic delusions involve beliefs that parts of the body or the self have ceased to exist or are destroyed.
A client with a personality disorder asks the nurse, 'Is it true I have an inherited brain disorder?' The nurse replies, knowing that:
- A. There is proof that personality disorders are inherited
- B. All persons with personality disorders display brain abnormalities
- C. Individuals with personality disorders show an error in brain glucose metabolism
- D. Individuals with personality disorders manifest some biological markers
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Rationale:
D is correct because individuals with personality disorders can manifest biological markers indicating a potential biological basis for the disorder. This does not imply that all individuals with personality disorders display brain abnormalities (B), have errors in brain glucose metabolism (C), or that there is definitive proof of inheritance (A). Biological markers suggest a potential biological component but do not guarantee inheritance or specific brain abnormalities.