Nokea
A patient in the intensive care unit has a nasogastric tube and is also receiving a proton pump inhibitor (PPI). The nurse recognizes that the purpose of the PPI is which effect?
- A. Prevent stress ulcers.
- B. Reduce bacteria levels in the stomach.
- C. Reduce gastric gas formation (flatulence).
- D. Promote gastric motility.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Stress-related mucosal damage is an important issue for critically ill patients. Stress ulcer prophylaxis (or therapy to prevent severe gastrointestinal [GI] damage) is undertaken in almost every critically ill patient in an intensive care unit and for many patients on general medical surgical units. Guidelines suggest that all such patients receive either a histamine receptor-blocking drug or a proton pump inhibitor.
You may also like to solve these questions
When reviewing the health history of a patient who will be receiving antacids, the nurse recalls that antacids containing magnesium need to be used cautiously in patients with which condition?
- A. Peptic ulcer disease
- B. Renal failure
- C. Hypertension
- D. Heart failure
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Both calcium- and magnesium-based antacids are more likely to accumulate to toxic levels in patients with renal disease and are commonly avoided in this patient group.
A patient will be receiving pantoprazole, 20 mg IV daily every morning. The medication, once reconstituted, has a strength of 40 mg/10 mL. Identify how many milliliters the nurse will draw up for this dose.
Correct Answer: 5 mL
Rationale: Calculate dose: 40 mg:10 mL::20 mg:x mL. (40 ?? x) = (10 ?? 20); 40x = 200; x = 5 mL.
A patient will be taking a 2-week course of combination therapy with omeprazole and another drug for a peptic ulcer caused by Helicobacter pylori. The nurse expects a drug from which class to be ordered with the omeprazole?
- A. Antibiotic
- B. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug
- C. Antacid
- D. Antiemetic
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The antibiotic clarithromycin is active against H. pylori and is used in combination with omeprazole to eradicate the bacteria. First-line therapy against H. pylori includes a 10- to 14-day course of a proton pump inhibitor such as omeprazole, plus the antibiotics clarithromycin and either amoxicillin or metronidazole, or a combination of a proton pump inhibitor, bismuth subsalicylate, and the antibiotics tetracycline and metronidazole.
A patient is receiving an aluminum-containing antacid. The nurse will inform the patient to watch for which possible adverse effect?
- A. Diarrhea
- B. Constipation
- C. Nausea
- D. Abdominal cramping
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Aluminum-based antacids have a constipating effect as well as an acid-neutralizing capacity.
A patient who has been taking cimetidine for hyperacidity calls the clinic to say that the medication has not been effective. The nurse reviews his history and notes that which factor may be influencing the effectiveness of this drug?
- A. He takes the cimetidine with meals.
- B. He smokes two packs of cigarettes a day.
- C. He drinks a glass of water with each dose.
- D. He takes an antacid 3 hours after the cimetidine dose.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Smoking may impair the absorption of H2 antagonists.