Nokea
The nurse is providing patient teaching about antacids. Which statements about antacids are accurate? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Antacids reduce the production of acid in the stomach.
- B. Antacids neutralize acid in the stomach.
- C. Rebound hyperacidity may occur with calcium-based antacids.
- D. Aluminum-based antacids cause diarrhea.
- E. Magnesium-based antacids cause diarrhea.
Correct Answer: B,C,E
Rationale: Antacids neutralize acid in the stomach. Magnesium-based antacids cause diarrhea, and aluminum-based antacids cause constipation. Calcium-based antacids often cause rebound hyperacidity.
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A patient will be receiving pantoprazole, 20 mg IV daily every morning. The medication, once reconstituted, has a strength of 40 mg/10 mL. Identify how many milliliters the nurse will draw up for this dose.
Correct Answer: 5 mL
Rationale: Calculate dose: 40 mg:10 mL::20 mg:x mL. (40 ?? x) = (10 ?? 20); 40x = 200; x = 5 mL.
A patient is receiving an aluminum-containing antacid. The nurse will inform the patient to watch for which possible adverse effect?
- A. Diarrhea
- B. Constipation
- C. Nausea
- D. Abdominal cramping
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Aluminum-based antacids have a constipating effect as well as an acid-neutralizing capacity.
The nurse is teaching a patient who will be taking a proton pump inhibitor as long-term therapy about potential adverse effects. Which statement is correct?
- A. Proton pump inhibitors can cause diarrhea.
- B. These drugs can cause nausea and anorexia.
- C. Proton pump inhibitors cause drowsiness.
- D. Long-term use of these drugs may contribute to osteoporosis.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: New concerns have arisen over the potential for long-term users of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) to develop osteoporosis. This is thought to be due to the inhibition of stomach acid, and it is speculated that PPIs speed up bone mineral loss.
At 0900, the nurse is about to give morning medications, and the patient has asked for a dose of antacid for severe heartburn. Which schedule for the antacid and medications is correct?
- A. Give both the antacid and medications at 0900.
- B. Give the antacid at 0900, and then the medications at 0900.
- C. Give the medications at 0900, and then the antacid at 1900.
- D. Give the medications at 0900, and then the antacid at 0915.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Medications are not to be taken, unless prescribed, within 1 to 2 hours of taking an antacid because of the impact on the absorption of many medications in the stomach.
A patient is taking omeprazole for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The nurse will include which statement in the teaching plan about this medication?
- A. Take this medication once a day after breakfast.
- B. You will be on this medication for only 2 weeks for treatment of the reflux disease.
- C. The medication may be dissolved in a liquid for better absorption.
- D. The entire capsule must be taken whole, not crushed, chewed, or opened.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Omeprazole needs to be taken before meals, and an entire capsule must be taken whole, not crushed, chewed, opened, or dissolved in liquid when treating GERD. This medication is used on a long-term basis to maintain healing.