Nokea
A patient is brought to the ER following a motor vehicle accident in which he sustained head trauma. Preliminary assessment reveals a vision deficit in the patients left eye. The nurse should associate this abnormal finding with trauma to which of the following cerebral lobes?
- A. Temporal
- B. Occipital
- C. Parietal
- D. Frontal
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The occipital lobe is responsible for visual processing. Trauma to this area can result in vision deficits. The temporal lobe handles auditory functions, the parietal lobe manages sensory integration, and the frontal lobe governs motor and cognitive functions.
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A patient is scheduled for CT scanning of the head because of recent onset of neurologic deficits. What should the nurse tell the patient in preparation for this test?
- A. No metal objects can enter the procedure room.
- B. You need to fast for 8 hours prior to the test.
- C. You will need to lie still throughout the procedure.
- D. There will be a lot of noise during the test.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Lying still during a CT scan ensures clear images. Metal and noise concerns apply to MRI, and fasting is not required for a head CT.
In the course of a focused neurologic assessment, the nurse is palpating the patients major muscle groups at rest and during passive movement. Data gleaned from this assessment will allow the nurse to describe which of the following aspects of neurologic function?
- A. Muscle dexterity
- B. Muscle tone
- C. Dysfunction of basal ganglia
- D. Motor symmetry
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Muscle tone is evaluated by palpating muscles at rest and during passive movement. Dexterity, basal ganglia function, and symmetry require different assessments like coordination or side-to-side comparison.
A trauma patient in the ICU has been declared brain dead. What diagnostic test is used in making the determination of brain death?
- A. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
- B. Electroencephalography (EEG)
- C. Electromyelography (EMG)
- D. Computed tomography (CT)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: EEG confirms brain death by showing no electrical activity. MRI, CT, and EMG are not standard for this determination.
The nursing students are learning how to assess function of cranial nerve VIII. To assess the function of cranial nerve VIII the students would be correct in completing which of the following assessment techniques?
- A. Have the patient identify familiar odors with the eyes closed.
- B. Assess papillary reflex.
- C. Utilize the Snellen chart.
- D. Test for air and bone conduction (Rinne test).
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The Rinne test assesses hearing, a function of cranial nerve VIII. Odor identification tests cranial nerve I, pupillary reflex tests III, IV, and VI, and the Snellen chart tests II.
A patient had a lumbar puncture performed at the outpatient clinic and the nurse has phoned the patient and family that evening. What does this phone call enable the nurse to determine?
- A. What are the patients and familys expectations of the test
- B. Whether the patients family had any questions about why the test was necessary
- C. Whether the patient has had any complications of the test
- D. Whether the patient understood accurately why the test was done
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Post-lumbar puncture follow-up checks for complications like headaches or infection. Expectations and understanding should be addressed before the procedure.