Nokea
A patient is experiencing hallucinations and delusions. The nurse would expect the physician to order which class of drug?
- A. Mood stabilizer
- B. Antipsychotic
- C. Antianxiety agent
- D. Stimulant
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hallucinations and delusions are hallmark symptoms of psychosis, treated primarily with antipsychotics. Mood stabilizers address bipolar disorder, antianxiety agents treat anxiety, and stimulants are used for ADHD, not psychosis.
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A nurse is preparing a continuing education presentation for a group of psychiatric-mental health nurses about various psychopharmacologic agents. The nurse is planning to discuss selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Which agents would the nurse include in this group? Select all that apply.
- A. Fluoxetine
- B. Duloxetine
- C. Sertraline
- D. Venlafaxine
- E. Bupropion
- F. Amoxapine
Correct Answer: A,C
Rationale: SSRIs include fluoxetine (A) and sertraline (C), which selectively inhibit serotonin reuptake. Duloxetine and venlafaxine are SNRIs, bupropion is an NDRI, and amoxapine is a tricyclic antidepressant, not SSRIs.
After teaching a patient who is receiving phenelzine, the nurse determines that the teaching was successful when the patient states the need to avoid which of the following?
- A. Fresh cottage cheese
- B. Cooked sliced ham
- C. Tap beers
- D. Soy milk
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Phenelzine, an MAOI, requires avoiding tyramine-rich foods and drinks like tap beers, which can cause a hypertensive crisis. Fresh cottage cheese, cooked ham, and soy milk are generally safe, as they have low tyramine content.
A group of nursing students are reviewing the various drug classes used to treat psychiatric disorders. The students demonstrate understanding when they identify which of the following as examples of antianxiety medications? Select all that apply.
- A. Selegiline
- B. Lorazepam
- C. Buspirone
- D. Zolpidem
- E. Methylphenidate
Correct Answer: B,C
Rationale: Lorazepam (B), a benzodiazepine, and buspirone (C), a non-benzodiazepine, are antianxiety medications. Selegiline is an MAOI, zolpidem is a sedative-hypnotic, and methylphenidate is a stimulant, not used for anxiety.
The nurse is reviewing the medical records of several patients receiving antipsychotic agents. Which factors, if noted, would the nurse identify as placing a patient at greater risk for tardive dyskinesia?
- A. Male gender
- B. Age 30 to 45 years
- C. History of depression
- D. Short duration of treatment
Correct Answer: None
Rationale: Tardive dyskinesia risk factors include older age, female gender, longer treatment duration, and certain conditions, not depression. None of the options (male gender, age 30?45, depression, short duration) are primary risk factors, suggesting a possible test error, but none apply.
A nurse is preparing a patient for electroconvulsive therapy. Which of the following would the nurse include in the patient?s plan of care? Select all that apply.
- A. Ensuring that there is a signed informed consent on the patient?s chart
- B. Telling the patient he can have fluids but no food before the procedure
- C. Alerting the patient to the possibility of confusion after the treatment
- D. Informing the patient that he can leave his dentures in place for the treatment
- E. Ensuring that the patient is closely supervised for at least the first 12 hours afterward
Correct Answer: A,C,E
Rationale: ECT requires informed consent (A), warning about post-procedure confusion (C), and close supervision afterward (E) due to risks like disorientation. Patients must be NPO (no food or fluids) before ECT, and dentures must be removed to prevent airway obstruction, making B and D incorrect.