Nokea
A patient is prescribed an anticoagulant for the prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Which laboratory parameter should the nurse monitor closely during anticoagulant therapy?
- A. Platelet count
- B. International normalized ratio (INR)
- C. Serum sodium levels
- D. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse should monitor the International Normalized Ratio (INR) closely during anticoagulant therapy for the prevention of VTE. The INR measures the clotting ability of the blood and is used to monitor the effectiveness of anticoagulant therapy, such as warfarin. Maintaining the INR within the target therapeutic range is crucial to prevent both excessive bleeding due to over-anticoagulation and clotting events due to under-anticoagulation. Close monitoring of the INR helps healthcare providers adjust the anticoagulant dosage as needed to ensure optimal therapeutic outcomes and minimize risks. Platelet count, serum sodium levels, and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) are important laboratory parameters to monitor for other medical conditions but are not specific to anticoagulant therapy.
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On the first postpartum day, a primiparous patient complains of perineal pain that was unrelieved by Ibuprofen 400 mg given two hours ago. Nurse Kayla should assess for which of the following?
- A. Vaginal laceration
- B. History of Drug Abuse
- C. Perineal hematoma
- D. Puerperal infection
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In a primiparous patient who complains of unrelieved perineal pain on the first postpartum day, Nurse Kayla should assess for a perineal hematoma. A perineal hematoma is a collection of blood in the perineal tissues and can cause significant pain and discomfort. It can be a result of trauma during delivery or due to a blood vessel rupture. This condition requires prompt assessment and intervention to prevent complications such as infection or excessive bleeding. Vaginal laceration would typically be identified during the delivery process and would have been repaired by the healthcare provider. History of drug abuse, while important to know for overall patient care, is not as relevant in this immediate postpartum pain assessment. Puerperal infection usually presents with other signs such as fever, foul-smelling discharge, and uterine tenderness, which are not mentioned in this scenario.
Since she wanted to capture the essence and emotion of the victims she chose to use the qualitative design. Which among the statements below is CORRECT about qualitative design?
- A. It commences study at present but consummates at any future time
- B. It allows estimation of relationship between studied variables
- C. It provides insights into attitudes, beliefs, motivates and behaviours of target population
- D. It tests results through numerical data and subjects them to statistical analysis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Qualitative research design focuses on gaining an in-depth understanding of attitudes, beliefs, motivations, and behaviors of individuals or groups. It does not typically involve statistical analysis or estimation of relationships between variables like quantitative designs do. Qualitative research involves collecting data through methods such as interviews, observations, or focus groups to provide rich and detailed insights into the experiences and perspectives of the participants. The emphasis is on understanding the meanings individuals attach to their experiences, rather than generalizing findings to a larger population.
In a conscious trauma patient with a suspected head injury, which of the following actions is appropriate?
- A. Applying direct pressure to the wound.
- B. Administering aspirin for pain relief.
- C. Maintaining cervical spine immobilization.
- D. Assessing pupil reaction to light.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In a conscious trauma patient with a suspected head injury, maintaining cervical spine immobilization is crucial. The presence of a head injury raises concerns for potential concomitant cervical spine injury. Therefore, it is vital to prevent any movement of the cervical spine to avoid exacerbating a potential spinal cord injury. Maintaining immobilization involves stabilizing the patient's head and neck in a neutral position until appropriate imaging studies can assess the extent of any spinal injury. This action helps prevent further harm and ensures the safety of the patient during assessment and management of their injuries.
A patient is prescribed a beta-blocker for the management of hypertension. Which adverse effect should the nurse monitor closely in the patient?
- A. Bradycardia
- B. Hyperglycemia
- C. Hypertension
- D. Tachycardia
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Beta-blockers are a class of medications commonly used to manage hypertension. One of the main mechanisms of action of beta-blockers is to reduce heart rate and contractility by blocking the beta-adrenergic receptors in the heart. As a result, one of the potential adverse effects of beta-blockers is bradycardia, which refers to a slower than normal heart rate. Therefore, the nurse should closely monitor the patient for signs and symptoms of bradycardia when starting or adjusting the dose of a beta-blocker. Symptoms of bradycardia may include dizziness, fainting, fatigue, or shortness of breath. If bradycardia is severe or symptomatic, it may require dose adjustments or discontinuation of the beta-blocker to prevent complications.
Which of the following is an example of a barrier to successful negotiation?
- A. Avoiding phrases that are coercive
- B. Becoming emotional
- C. Viewing negotiation as collaborative
- D. Understanding others' perspectives
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Becoming emotional is an example of a barrier to successful negotiation because emotions can cloud judgment, lead to irrational decision-making, and hinder effective communication. When negotiating, it is important to remain calm, composed, and rational to navigate the discussion effectively. Emotions can derail the negotiation process, making it challenging to find common ground and reach a mutually beneficial agreement.