Nokea
A patient is receiving hydroxychloroquine therapy but tells the nurse that she has never traveled out of her city. The nurse knows that a possible reason for this drug therapy is which of these conditions?
- A. Lyme disease
- B. Toxoplasmosis
- C. Systemic lupus erythematosus
- D. Intestinal tapeworms
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hydroxychloroquine, which is used for malaria, also possesses anti-inflammatory actions and has been used to treat rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. The other options are incorrect.
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A patient with late-stage HIV infection also has Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia. The nurse anticipates treatment with which medication for this pneumonia?
- A. Ivermectin
- B. Atovaquone
- C. Praziquantel
- D. Metronidazole
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pentamidine and atovaquone are used for the treatment of pneumonia caused by P. jirovecii. The other options are not used for this pneumonia.
A patient is experiencing the exoerythrocytic phase of malaria. The nurse expects which drug to be used for this patient?
- A. Quinine
- B. Chloroquine
- C. Mefloquine
- D. Primaquine
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Primaquine is one of the few antimalarial drugs that can destroy the malarial parasites while they are in their exoerythrocytic phase. The other drugs are effective during the erythrocytic, or blood, phase.
A patient has an infestation with flukes (trematodes). The nurse anticipates the use of which drug to treat this infestation?
- A. Praziquantel
- B. Pyrantel
- C. Metronidazole
- D. Ivermectin
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Praziquantel is an anthelmintic that is used to kill flukes (trematodes). Metronidazole is used to treat protozoal infections. The other drugs listed are used for other helminthic infestations.
A patient who has a helminthic infection has a prescription for pyrantel. Which is one of the common adverse effects that the patient may experience while on this therapy?
- A. Insomnia
- B. Seizures
- C. Diarrhea
- D. Dark discoloration of the urine
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Diarrhea and abdominal pain are some of the possible gastrointestinal effects of pyrantel. The other options are incorrect.
A patient is being evaluated for a possible helminthic infection. The nurse knows that which statement about anthelmintic therapy is true?
- A. The drugs may cause severe drowsiness
- B. Anthelmintics are very specific in their actions.
- C. Anthelmintics are effective against broad classes of infestations.
- D. The drugs are used to treat protozoal infections such as intestinal amebiasis.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Anthelmintics are very specific in their actions, and it is important to identify the cause of the infestation before beginning treatment. They are not used to treat protozoal infections, and they do not cause severe drowsiness.