Questions on the Respiratory System

Questions on the Respiratory System Related

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A patient is scheduled to have excess pleural fluid aspirated with a needle in order to relieve her dyspnea. The patient inquires about the normal function of pleural fluid. What should the nurse describe?

  • A. It allows for full expansion of the lungs within the thoracic cavity.
  • B. It prevents the lungs from collapsing within the thoracic cavity.
  • C. It limits lung expansion within the thoracic cavity.
  • D. It lubricates the movement of the thorax and lungs.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: It lubricates the movement of the thorax and lungs. Pleural fluid acts as a lubricant between the layers of the pleura, reducing friction and allowing smooth movement during respiration. This function is crucial for the efficient expansion and contraction of the lungs during breathing.

Explanation:
1. A (It allows for full expansion of the lungs within the thoracic cavity): While pleural fluid does contribute to lung expansion, its main role is not to solely allow for full expansion.
2. B (It prevents the lungs from collapsing within the thoracic cavity): This is incorrect as the pleural pressure, rather than the pleural fluid, prevents lung collapse.
3. C (It limits lung expansion within the thoracic cavity): This is incorrect as pleural fluid actually facilitates lung expansion by reducing friction.

You may also like to solve these questions

during rest state normal breathing called

  • A. Breathing
  • B. diaphragmatic
  • C. Diaphragmatic breathing
  • D. non
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Diaphragmatic breathing. During rest, normal breathing involves the diaphragm contracting and moving downward to draw air into the lungs. This type of breathing is known as diaphragmatic breathing. Choice A (Breathing) is too broad and does not specify the involvement of the diaphragm. Choice B (Diaphragmatic) does not fully describe the process of breathing during rest. Choice D (Non) is incorrect as it does not provide any information related to the breathing process during rest state. Therefore, C is the most accurate choice as it specifically identifies the type of breathing that occurs during rest.

The lungs move easily within their protective sacs due to

  • A. intrapleural fluid.
  • B. leaking plasma.
  • C. blood.
  • D. mucus.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: intrapleural fluid. Intrapleural fluid reduces friction between the lungs and the chest wall, allowing them to move easily during breathing. This fluid creates a lubricated surface that facilitates smooth movement. Leaking plasma (B) and mucus (D) do not provide the necessary lubrication for lung movement. Blood (C) plays a role in oxygen exchange but does not directly contribute to the ease of lung movement within the pleural sacs.

The volume of air that can be exhaled after normal exhalation is the

  • A. tidal volume
  • B. residual volume
  • C. inspiratory reserve volume
  • D. expiratory reserve volume
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: expiratory reserve volume. After normal exhalation (tidal volume), the expiratory reserve volume represents the additional volume of air that can be forcefully exhaled. This volume is used during activities requiring increased breathing effort. Choices A and C are incorrect because tidal volume is the volume of air inhaled or exhaled during normal breathing, and inspiratory reserve volume is the extra volume of air that can be inhaled after a normal inhalation. Choice B, residual volume, is the volume of air remaining in the lungs after maximal exhalation and cannot be exhaled voluntarily.

Which form of epithelial tissue may be found in the upper respiratory system (URS)?

  • A. pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium.
  • B. moist cuboidal epithelium.
  • C. simple squamous epithelium.
  • D. stratified squamous epithelium.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step 1: The upper respiratory system requires protection and mucus secretion.
Step 2: Pseudostratified epithelium provides protection and has cilia for moving mucus.
Step 3: Ciliated columnar cells help sweep mucus and debris out of the respiratory tract.
Step 4: Therefore, pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium is the correct choice.
Summary:
B: Moist cuboidal epithelium lacks cilia and isn't specialized for mucus clearance.
C: Simple squamous epithelium is too thin and fragile for protection.
D: Stratified squamous epithelium is more suited for areas with high mechanical stress.

During a health promotion program, why should the nurse plan to target women in a discussion of lung cancer prevention?

  • A. Women develop lung cancer at a younger age than men.
  • B. More women die of lung cancer than die from breast cancer.
  • C. Women have a worse prognosis from lung cancer than do men.
  • D. Women are more likely to develop small cell carcinoma than men.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Since the statement "Women are more likely to develop small cell carcinoma than men" is not a valid reason for targeting women in a discussion of lung cancer prevention, it becomes the correct answer in this context.

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