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A patient is undergoing major surgery and asks the nurse about a living will. He states, -I don't want anybody else making decisions for me. And I don't want to prolong my life. I The patient is demonstrating which ethical term?
- A. Autonomy
- B. Beneficeence
- C. Justice
- D. Veracity
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Autonomy includes self-determination, or the ability to act on one's own, including making one's own decisions about health care. Veracity is defined as the duty to tell the truth. Justice is the ethical principle of being fair or equal in one's actions. Beneficeence is the ethical principle of doing or actively promoting good.
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A patient has been selected as a potential recipient of an experimental drug for multiple sclerosis. The nurse knows that when informed consent has been obtained, it indicates which of these?
- A. The patient has been informed that he or she will need to stay in the study until it ends.
- B. The patient will be informed of the details of the study as the research continues.
- C. The patient will receive the actual drug during the experiment.
- D. The patient has had the study's purpose, procedures, and possible benefits as well as risks involved explained to him.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Informed consent involves the careful explanation of the purpose of the study, the procedures to be used, and the risks involved. The other options do not describe informed consent. Participation in studies is voluntary and patients have the right to end participation at any time.
The nurse is reviewing facts about pharmacology for a review course. The term legend drug refers to which item?
- A. Over-the-counter drugs
- B. Prescription drugs
- C. Orphan drugs
- D. Older drugs
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The term legend drug refers to prescription drugs, which were differentiated from over-the-counter drugs by the 1951 Durham-Humpphrey Amendment. Orphan drugs are drugs that are developed for rare diseases. The other options are not examples of legend drugs.
Nurses have the ethical responsibility of doing or actively promoting good. What is this principle known as?
- A. Justice
- B. Veracity
- C. Beneficeence
- D. Autonomy
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Beneficeence is the ethical principle of doing or actively promoting good. Veracity is defined as the duty to tell the truth. Justice is the ethical principle of being fair or equal in one's actions. Autonomy is self-determination, or the ability to make one's own decisions.
When reviewing the various schedules of controlled drugs, the nurse knows that which description correctly planting describes Schedule II drugs?
- A. Drugs with high potential for abuse that have accepted medical use
- B. Drugs with high potential for abuse that do not have accepted medical use
- C. Medically accepted drugs that may cause moderate physical or psychologic dependence
- D. Medically accepted drugs with limited potential for causing physical or psychologic dependence
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Schedule II drugs are those with high potential for abuse but that have accepted medical use. Drugs that have high potential for abuse but do not have accepted medical use are Schedule I drugs. Medically accepted drugs that have moderate physical or high psychologic dependence potential are Schedule III drugs. Medically accepted drugs with limited potential for causing physical or psychologic dependence are Schedule IV and V drugs.
The nurse is assessing an elderly Hispanic woman who is being treated for hypertension. During the assessment, what is important for the nurse to remember about cultural aspects?
- A. The patient should be discouraged from using folk remedies and rituals.
- B. The nurse will expect the patient to value protective bracelets and -root doctorsl as healers.
- C. The nurse will remember that the balance among body, mind, and environment is important for this patient's health beliefs.
- D. The nurse's assessment needs to include gathering information regarding religious practices and beliefs regarding medication, treatment, and healing.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: All beliefs need to be considered clearly so as to prevent a conflict from arising between the goals of nursing and health care and the dictates of a patient's cultural background. Assessing religious practices and beliefs is part of a thorough cultural assessment. The other options are incorrect. The nurse should not ignore a patient's cultural practices. The concept of balance among body, mind, and environment and the valuing of protective bracelets and root doctors reflect beliefs or practices that usually do not apply to the Hispanic cultural group.