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A patient on Airborne Precautions asks the nurse to leave his door open. What is the nurses best reply?
- A. I have to keep your door shut at all times. Ill open the curtains so that you dont feel so closed in.
- B. Ill keep the door open for you, but please try to avoid moving around the room too much.
- C. I can open your door if you wear this mask.
- D. I can open your door, but Ill have to come back and close it in a few minutes.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Airborne precautions require closed doors to prevent pathogen spread. Opening curtains helps reduce isolation feelings without compromising safety.
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A long-term care facility is the site of an outbreak of infectious diarrhea. The nurse educator has emphasized the importance of hand hygiene to staff members. The use of alcohol-based cleansers may be ineffective if the causative microorganism is identified as what?
- A. Shigella
- B. Escherichia coli
- C. Clostridium difficile
- D. Norovirus
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: C. difficile spores resist alcohol-based cleansers, requiring soap and water handwashing. Shigella, E. coli, and Norovirus are susceptible to alcohol-based products.
A nursing home patient has been diagnosed with Clostridium difficile. What type of precautions should the nurse implement to prevent the spread of this infectious disease to other residents?
- A. Contact
- B. Droplet
- C. Airborne
- D. Positive pressure isolation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Clostridium difficile spreads via skin-to-skin contact or contaminated surfaces, requiring contact precautions. Droplet and airborne precautions are for respiratory pathogens, and positive pressure isolation is not applicable.
A clinic nurse is caring for a male patient diagnosed with gonorrhea who has been prescribed ceftriaxone and doxycycline. The patient asks why he is receiving two antibiotics. What is the nurses best response?
- A. There are many drug-resistant strains of gonorrhea, so more than one antibiotic may be required for successful treatment.
- B. The combination of these two antibiotics reduces the later risk of reinfection.
- C. Many people infected with gonorrhea are infected with chlamydia as well.
- D. This combination of medications will eradicate the infection twice as fast than a single antibiotic.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Dual therapy with ceftriaxone and doxycycline targets common co-infection with chlamydia in gonorrhea patients. It does not primarily address resistance, reinfection, or speed of cure.
A public health nurse is teaching a mother about vaccinations prior to obtaining informed consent for her childs vaccination. What should the nurse cite as the most common adverse effect of vaccinations?
- A. Temporary sensitivity to the sun
- B. Allergic reactions to the antigen or carrier solution
- C. Nausea and vomiting
- D. Joint pain near the injection site
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Allergic reactions to vaccine components are the most common adverse effects. Sun sensitivity, nausea, and joint pain are not typical.
During a health education session, a participant asks the nurse how a vaccine can protect from future exposures to diseases against which she is vaccinated. What would be the nurses best response?
- A. The vaccine causes an antibody response in the body.
- B. The vaccine responds to an infection in the body after it occurs.
- C. The vaccine is similar to an antibiotic that is used to treat an infection.
- D. The vaccine actively attacks the microorganism.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Vaccines stimulate an antibody response to provide immunity against future exposures. They do not treat active infections or directly attack pathogens.