Multiple Choice Questions for Respiratory System

Multiple Choice Questions for Respiratory System Related

Review Multiple Choice Questions for Respiratory System related questions and content

A patient on the medical unit has told the nurse that he is experiencing significant
dyspnea, despite that he has not recently performed any physical activity. What
assessment question should the nurse ask the patient while preparing to perform a
physical assessment?

  • A. On a scale from 1 to 10, how bad would rate your shortness of breath?
  • B. When was the last time you ate or drank anything?
  • C. Are you feeling any nausea along with your shortness of breath?
  • D. Do you think that some medication might help you catch your breath?
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Rationale for Correct Answer (A):
1. Assessing the severity of dyspnea is crucial for determining the urgency of intervention.
2. By asking for a rating on a scale from 1 to 10, the nurse can quantify the level of distress the patient is experiencing.
3. This allows for a more objective assessment and helps in determining appropriate interventions.
4. Monitoring changes in the severity of dyspnea over time can also guide treatment effectiveness.

Summary of Incorrect Choices:
B. Asking about the last time the patient ate or drank is important for assessing possible contributing factors to dyspnea, but it does not directly address the immediate severity of the symptom.
C. Inquiring about nausea is relevant for a more comprehensive assessment, but it does not directly address the severity of dyspnea.
D. Asking about the potential need for medication is important, but it does not directly address the current level of dyspnea and may not be the immediate priority.

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Damage to the phrenic nerves would

  • A. increase respiratory rate
  • B. increase the tidal volume
  • C. force reliance on costal breathing
  • D. result in greater pressure differences between the lungs and the outside air
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Damage to the phrenic nerves would result in the inability to fully expand the diaphragm, leading to reliance on costal breathing. This is because the phrenic nerves innervate the diaphragm, the main muscle of respiration. Without proper diaphragmatic function, the individual would have difficulty engaging in effective diaphragmatic breathing. Therefore, choice C is correct.
Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because damage to the phrenic nerves would not directly impact the respiratory rate, tidal volume, or pressure differences between the lungs and the outside air. These functions are more related to overall respiratory control and lung mechanics, which are not solely dependent on the phrenic nerves.

2,3 DPG (Diphospho glycerate) is an important molecule that competes for Oxygen binding sites of Hemoglobin. It is present in

  • A. Blood Plasma
  • B. Erythrocytes
  • C. Leucocytes
  • D. Blood of lungs
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Erythrocytes. 2,3 DPG is a molecule found inside red blood cells (erythrocytes) that helps in regulating the oxygen binding capacity of hemoglobin. It competes for oxygen binding sites and helps in the release of oxygen to tissues. Choice A (Blood Plasma) is incorrect because 2,3 DPG is not found freely circulating in the blood plasma. Choice C (Leucocytes) is incorrect as 2,3 DPG is not primarily found in white blood cells. Choice D (Blood of lungs) is incorrect as 2,3 DPG is mainly located within red blood cells and not in the blood present in the lungs.

The exchange of gases between blood and cells is called

  • A. pulmonary ventilation
  • B. internal respiration
  • C. external respiration
  • D. cellular respiration
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: internal respiration. This process refers to the exchange of gases between blood and body cells. Pulmonary ventilation (A) is the process of breathing, moving air in and out of the lungs. External respiration (C) is the exchange of gases between the lungs and blood. Cellular respiration (D) is the process where cells use oxygen to produce energy. Internal respiration best describes the exchange of gases at the cellular level.

Aminophylline (theophylline) is prescribed for a client with acute bronchitis. A nurse administers the medication, knowing that the primary action of this medication is to?

  • A. Promote expectoration.
  • B. Suppress the cough.
  • C. Relax smooth muscles of the bronchial airway.
  • D. Prevent infection.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Relax smooth muscles of the bronchial airway. Aminophylline (theophylline) is a bronchodilator that works by relaxing the smooth muscles in the bronchial airways, which helps to open up the airways and improve airflow. This action helps to relieve bronchospasm, which is common in conditions like acute bronchitis. Promoting expectoration (A) and suppressing cough (B) are not the primary actions of aminophylline, although they may be secondary effects. Preventing infection (D) is unrelated to the mechanism of action of aminophylline in treating acute bronchitis.

The greatest quantity of air that can be expired after a maximum inspiratory effort is its

  • A. Residual volume
  • B. Tidal volume
  • C. Vital capacity
  • D. Lung volume
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Vital capacity. Vital capacity is the maximum amount of air a person can expel from the lungs after a maximum inhalation. It is the sum of tidal volume, inspiratory reserve volume, and expiratory reserve volume. Residual volume (A) is the air left in the lungs after maximum exhalation. Tidal volume (B) is the amount of air inhaled and exhaled during normal breathing. Lung volume (D) is a general term and not a specific measure of air quantity. Thus, vital capacity is the best choice as it accounts for the maximum air that can be expired after a deep inhalation.

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